Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PADI2 / PAD2 antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Transfected cell lysate - Human, Human, Mouse, Rat samples.

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Images

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB322197), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype: IgG
Host species: Rabbit
Storage buffer: pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Form: Liquid
Clonality: Monoclonal

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application

Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended

	WB	ICC/IF	IHC-P
Human	Tested	Tested	Tested
Mouse	Tested	Expected	Tested
Rat	Tested	Expected	Tested
Transfected cell lysate - Human	Tested	Not recommended	Not recommended

Tested
Tested

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Transfected cell lysate - Human	Dilution info 1/1000	Notes -
Species Human	Dilution info 1/1000	Notes -
Species Mouse	Dilution info 1/1000	Notes -
Species Rat	Dilution info 1/1000	Notes -

Tested
Tested

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Human	Dilution info 1/500	Notes -

Expected
Expected

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Mouse, Rat	Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration.	Notes -

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Transfected cell lysate - Human	Dilution info -	Notes -

Tested
Tested

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Human	Dilution info 1/500	Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Species Mouse	Dilution info 1/500	Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Species Rat	Dilution info 1/500	Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species	Dilution info	Notes
Species Transfected cell lysate - Human	Dilution info -	Notes -

Target data

See full target information PADI2

Function

Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.

Alternative names

KIAA0994, PAD2, PDI2, PADI2, Protein-arginine deiminase type-2, PAD-H19, Peptidylarginine deiminase II, Protein-arginine deiminase type II

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PADI2 / PAD2 antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Transfected cell lysate - Human, Human, Mouse, Rat samples.

Key facts

Isotype: IgG
Host species: Rabbit
Storage buffer: pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Form: Liquid
Clonality: Monoclonal
Immunogen: The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Clone number: EPR26940-85
Purification technique: Affinity purification Protein A
Concentration

Storage

Shipped at conditions: Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration: 1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions: +4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions: -20°C
Aliquoting information: Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information: Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Notes

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

- High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- Improved sensitivity and specificity
- Long-term security of supply
- Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PADI2 also known as PAD2 or PADdeux is a protein that performs post-translational modification by converting arginine residues into citrulline residues in proteins through a process known as citrullination. This protein has an approximate mass of 75 kDa. PADI2 is expressed in many tissues but shows higher levels in the brain skeletal muscle and mammary gland. Within these tissues PADI2 plays a role in regulating various physiological processes by altering protein function through citrullination.

Biological function summary

PADI2 contributes significantly to the regulation of gene expression protein function and signal transduction. PADI2 does not exist as part of a larger protein complex yet it interacts with other proteins to regulate cellular processes. In particular it modifies histones which impacts chromatin structure and gene expression playing a role in cell differentiation and immune response modulation. Its activity can affect various cellular outcomes by regulating the function and interaction of different protein substrates.

Pathways

PADI2 takes part in gene regulation and cell differentiation processes by modifying histones and impacting chromatin structure. It is integral in pathways related to inflammation and immune responses such as the NF-kB signaling pathway enhancing its biological role. PADI2 interacts with multiple proteins including histones and other signaling molecules reinforcing its critical role in these pathways.

Associated diseases and disorders

PADI2 has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis due to its role in immune modulation and inflammation. In rheumatoid arthritis aberrant citrullination by PADI2 contributes to the production of autoantibodies which are involved in the disease's pathogenesis. It also associates with abnormal neural processes in multiple sclerosis where citrullinated proteins potentially contribute to the demyelination process. In these conditions PADI2's function relates closely with other citrullinating proteins such as PADI4 highlighting the interconnectedness of these pathways in disease.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

13 product images

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
This antibody does not cross-react with human PADI1, PADI3, PADI4 and PADI6.
In Western blot, Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control (Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control ab181602) staining at 1/200000 dilution.
In Western blot, Anti-6X His tag® antibody [EPR20547] - ChIP Grade (Anti-6X His tag® antibody [EPR20547] - ChIP Grade ab213204) staining at 1/5000 dilution.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: 293T cells transfected with an empty vector containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: 293T cells transfected with a human PADI2 expression vector containing a GFP-tag, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: 293T cells transfected with a human PADI1 expression vector containing a GFP-tag, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: 293T cells transfected with a human PADI3 expression vector containing a GFP-tag, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 5: 293T cells transfected with a human PADI4 expression vector containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 6: 293T cells transfected with a human PADI6 expression vector containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Secondary
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Observed band size: 110 kDa, 36 kDa, 75 kDa
Exposure time: 6s
Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Low expression: liver, lung (PMID: 23026755).
Lanes 1-4 are applied with Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 and Lanes 4-9 are applied with Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000.
The identity of the bands beneath 50 kDa (in lanes 1-2 ) are unknown.
In Western blot, Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control (Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control ab181602) staining at 1/200000 dilution.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: Human hippocampus tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Human cerebellum tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: Human liver tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: Human lung tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 5: Mouse colon tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 6: Mouse brain tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 7: Mouse liver tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 8: Rat brain tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 9: Rat liver tissue lysate at 20 µg
Secondary
Lanes 1 - 4: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 dilution
Lanes 4 - 9: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Observed band size: 76 kDa
Exposure time: 6s
Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Low expression: MCF7 (PMID: 23110523).
The expression profile is consistent with what has been described in the literature (PMID: 23110523).
In Western blot, Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control (Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control ab181602) staining at 1/200000 dilution.
Exposure time: Lane 1: 180 seconds; Lanes 2-4: 26 seconds.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: SK-BR-3 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: PANC-1 (human pancreatic epithelioid carcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Secondary
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Observed band size: 76 kDa, 36 kDa
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Rat cerebrum tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on rat cerebrum. The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse cerebrum tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on mouse cerebrum. The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse spleen tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on mouse spleen (PMID: 23026755). The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% TritonX-100 permeabilized SK-BR-3 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labelling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed antibody at 1/ 1000 2ug/ml dilution (Green).
Confocal image showing cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in SK-BR-3 cell line (shown in green). The counterstain was observed in magenta. Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue).

Low expression: MCF-7 (PMID: 23110523).

Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).
Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889 Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/ 200 2.5ug/ml dilution (Magenta). The Nuclear counterstain was DAPI (Blue).
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed at 1/ 1000 2ug/ml dilution.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human colon tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on human colon (PMID: 28403548; PMID: 31268166). The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse liver tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Low expression: no staining on mouse liver (PMID: 30071078; PMID: 23026755). The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human liver tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Low expression: no staining on human liver (PMID: 23026755). The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Rat spleen tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on rat spleen. The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human spleen tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on human spleen (PMID: 28993780). The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (ab322197)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Rat liver tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab322197 at 1/500 (1.008 ug/ml) dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Low expression: no staining on rat liver. The section was incubated with ab322197 for 30 mins at room temperature.

The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins