Anti-Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1/PTH1R antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1 (PTH1R) also known as the parathyroid receptor or hormone receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor with an approximate molecular mass of 66 kDa. This receptor is found in various tissues mainly in bone and kidney. PTH1R interacts with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) both of which play significant roles in maintaining calcium homeostasis. The receptor is an important regulator in these processes facilitating the signal transduction that governs important physiological responses.

Biological function summary

PTH1R facilitates the regulation of calcium and phosphate balance in the body. It does not act alone but participates as a part of a signaling complex engaging with intracellular G-proteins to initiate signaling cascades. The receptor's activity helps modulate bone remodeling by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast activity which are essential for bone development and mineralization. Moreover in the kidney PTH1R adjusts calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion supporting the maintenance of serum calcium levels.

Pathways

PTH1R plays a significant role in the cyclic AMP (cAMP) and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways. When PTH or PTHrP binds to PTH1R it activates the adenylate cyclase increasing cAMP levels and subsequently activating protein kinase A (PKA). This pathway affects various physiological processes like gene expression and metabolic regulation. In addition PTH1R interacts with the phospholipase C pathway facilitating calcium mobilization inside cells. Proteins like Gs and Gq are involved in these pathways aiding in the receptor's ability to exert its biological effects.

Associated diseases and disorders

PTH1R is associated with conditions such as osteoporosis and hypoparathyroidism. Osteoporosis involves abnormal bone loss and malfunctioning of the receptor can exacerbate this condition by impairing normal bone remodeling. In hypoparathyroidism insufficient signaling through PTH1R leads to low levels of calcium affecting bone and other bodily functions. The receptor's interaction with proteins such as parathyroid hormone-related peptide further extends its relevance to these conditions as alterations in these proteins can influence disease progression.