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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PARP1 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples.


Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (AB222234), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (AB222234), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (AB222234), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (AB222234), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (AB222234), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Host species

Rabbit

Storage buffer

pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Constituents: PBS

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
WBICC/IFIHC-P
Human
Tested
Tested
Tested
Mouse
Expected
Predicted
Predicted
Rat
Expected
Predicted
Predicted

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species

Mouse

Dilution info

-

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species

Rat

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Predicted
Predicted

Species

Mouse, Rat

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Predicted
Predicted

Species

Mouse, Rat

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Associated Products

Select an associated product type

13 products for Alternative Product

3 products for Alternative Version

Target data

Function

Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair (PubMed:17177976, PubMed:18172500, PubMed:19344625, PubMed:19661379, PubMed:23230272, PubMed:25043379, PubMed:33186521, PubMed:32028527, PubMed:26344098). Mediates glutamate, aspartate, serine or tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of target residues and further ADP-ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units (PubMed:7852410, PubMed:9315851, PubMed:19764761, PubMed:25043379, PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836). Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage (PubMed:33186521). Mainly mediates glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins in absence of HPF1 (PubMed:19764761, PubMed:25043379). Following interaction with HPF1, catalyzes serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; HPF1 conferring serine specificity by completing the PARP1 active site (PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836, PubMed:33186521, PubMed:32028527). Also catalyzes tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins following interaction with HPF1 (PubMed:30257210, PubMed:29954836). PARP1 initiates the repair of DNA breaks: recognizes and binds DNA breaks within chromatin and recruits HPF1, licensing serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins, such as histones, thereby promoting decompaction of chromatin and the recruitment of repair factors leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks (PubMed:17177976, PubMed:18172500, PubMed:19344625, PubMed:19661379, PubMed:23230272, PubMed:27067600). In addition to base excision repair (BER) pathway, also involved in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair: together with TIMELESS, accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes homologous recombination repair by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation (PubMed:26344098, PubMed:30356214). Mediates the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF and CHFR (PubMed:17396150, PubMed:19764761). In addition to proteins, also able to ADP-ribosylate DNA: catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of DNA strand break termini containing terminal phosphates and a 2'-OH group in single- and double-stranded DNA, respectively (PubMed:27471034). Required for PARP9 and DTX3L recruitment to DNA damage sites (PubMed:23230272). PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites (PubMed:23230272). Acts as a regulator of transcription: positively regulates the transcription of MTUS1 and negatively regulates the transcription of MTUS2/TIP150 (PubMed:19344625). Plays a role in the positive regulation of IFNG transcription in T-helper 1 cells as part of an IFNG promoter-binding complex with TXK and EEF1A1 (PubMed:17177976). Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with NMNAT1, PARG and NUDT5 (PubMed:27257257). Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming (PubMed:27257257).

Alternative names

Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, PARP-1, ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1, DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1, Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1, Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, ARTD1, ADPRT 1, PARP1, PPOL, ADPRT

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PARP1 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples.

Alternative names

Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, PARP-1, ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1, DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1, Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1, Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, ARTD1, ADPRT 1, PARP1, PPOL, ADPRT

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Carrier free

Yes

Clone number

EPR18461

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

+4°C

Storage information

Do Not Freeze

Notes

ab222234 is the carrier-free version of Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217.

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. The carrier-free buffer and high concentration allow for increased conjugation efficiency.

This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PARP1 also known as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 is an enzyme that plays an important role in DNA repair processes. It detects DNA single-strand breaks and uses NAD+ as a substrate to add ADP-ribose polymers to itself and other proteins. This post-translational modification signals DNA repair machinery to the site of damage. PARP1 has a molecular weight of approximately 116 kDa. It is widely expressed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. PARP1 is often studied by western blotting techniques to analyze its expression and activation levels.

Biological function summary

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 functions to maintain genomic stability by acting within the base excision repair complex. This complex is important for the detection and repair of DNA damage preventing the accumulation of mutations. By acting at sites of DNA stress PARP1 facilitates the binding of DNA repair proteins stabilizing the DNA structure during the repair process. This role is significant for cells that undergo frequent DNA replication or are exposed to high levels of genotoxic stress.

Pathways

The PARP1 protein is integral to the DNA damage response and repair pathway. It interacts with other proteins such as XRCC1 to coordinate repair activities at damaged DNA sites. Another important pathway involving PARP1 is the apoptosis pathway where excessive activation of PARP1 can lead to cell death due to depletion of cellular NAD+ and ATP. This indicates its dual role in both promoting cell survival through DNA repair and contributing to cell death when damage is irreparable.

Associated diseases and disorders

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 is strongly linked to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Its activity is heightened in many cancer types where cancer cells exploit PARP1 for survival by repairing DNA damage that would otherwise be lethal. Inhibitors of PARP1 are being developed as cancer therapies to target these survival mechanisms. Moreover overactivation of PARP1 in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease can lead to excessive energy consumption promoting neuronal cell damage. In these contexts PARP1 connects with proteins like BRCA1 in cancer or AIF in neurodegeneration illustrating its role in disease mechanisms.

Product promise

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6 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human testis tissue labeling PARP1 with Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    Nucleus staining on epithelial cells and stromal cells of Human testis is observed.

    Counter stained with Hematoxylin.

    Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217).

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer pH 9 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized HeLa (Human epithelial cells from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells labeling PARP1 with Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/500 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (green).

    Confocal image showing nuclear staining on HeLa cell line. The nuclear counterstain is DAPI (blue).

    Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse MAb (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (red).

    The negative controls are as follows:-
    -ve control 1: Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/500 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.
    -ve control 2: Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse MAb (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217).

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Rat testis tissue labeling PARP1 with Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    Nucleus staining on epithelial cells and stromal cells of rat testis is observed.

    Counter stained with Hematoxylin.

    Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217).

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer pH 9 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized NIH/3T3 (Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells) cells labeling PARP1 with Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/500 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (green).

    Confocal image showing nuclear staining on NIH/3T3 cell line. The nuclear counterstain is DAPI (blue).

    Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse MAb (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) at 1/1000 dilution (red).

    The negative controls are as follows:-
    -ve control 1: Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/500 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) at 1/1000 dilution.
    -ve control 2:  Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse MAb (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217).

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse testis tissue labeling PARP1 with Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 at 1/1000 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    Nucleus staining on epithelial cells and stromal cells of mouse testis is observed.

    Counter stained with Hematoxylin.

    Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217).

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer pH 9 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Western blot - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] - BSA and Azide free (ab222234)

    Western blot: Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217) staining at 1/1000 dilution, shown in green; Mouse anti-Alpha Tubulin [DM1A] (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) loading control staining at 1/20000 dilution, shown in magenta. In Western blot, Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217 was shown to bind specifically to PARP1. A band was observed at 125 kDa in wild-type A549 cell lysates with no signal observed at this size in PARP1 knockout cell line Human PARP1 knockout A549 cell line ab276094 (knockout cell lysate Abcam Pools). To generate this image, wild-type and PARP1 knockout A549 cell lysates were analysed. First, samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 5 % milk in TBS-0.1 % Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged. Secondary antibodies used were Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L 800CW and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L 680RD at 1/20000 dilution.

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] (Anti-PARP1 antibody [EPR18461] ab191217) at 1/1000 dilution

    Lane 1: Wild-type A549 control staurosporine (0 uM, 72 h) cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 2: Wild-type A549 treated staurosporine (3 uM, 24 h) cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 3: PARP1 knockout A549 control staurosporine (0 uM, 72 h) cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 4: PARP1 knockout A549 treated staurosporine (3 uM, 24 h) cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 5: Empty cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 6: HAP1 Treated Staurosporine (2uM, 4h) cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 7: HAP1 Vehicle Control Staurosporine (0uM, 4h) cell lysate at 10 µg

    Secondary

    All lanes: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L 800CW and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L 680RD at 1/20000 dilution

    Performed under reducing conditions.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

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