Anti-Patched / PTCH1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Patched / PTCH1 also known as Patched protein or anti P.TCH1 is a transmembrane receptor with a molecular mass of approximately 144 kDa. It is expressed widely across various tissues including skin lungs and the nervous system. PTCH1 plays a mechanical role as a receptor in the Hedgehog signaling pathway by binding to its ligand Sonic Hedgehog (SHH). In the absence of SHH PTCH1 inhibits the activity of another protein called Smoothened (SMO).

Biological function summary

The function of Patched/PTCH1 extends beyond mere receptor activity. It is a critical part of the Hedgehog signaling pathway complex acting to regulate the pathway's activation state. By controlling SMO PTCH1 indirectly influences gene expression related to cell growth differentiation and tissue patterning. The importance of PTCH1 in these processes highlights its role in fundamental developmental mechanisms.

Pathways

Patched/PTCH1 is a central player in the Hedgehog signaling pathway and also impacts the Wnt signaling pathway. These pathways are critical for proper embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. In the Hedgehog pathway PTCH1 maintains control over SMO to modulate cellular responses. PTCH1 interactions with proteins such as Gli transcription factors help regulate the expression of target genes involved in cell fate decisions.

Associated diseases and disorders

PTCH1 mutations or malfunctions are associated with basal cell carcinoma and Gorlin syndrome. The disrupted Hedgehog signaling due to PTCH1 anomalies leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation contributing to cancer development. PTCH1-related disorders often feature aberrant interaction with Smoothened and GLI proteins further illustrating its significance in disease pathways.