Rabbit Multiclonal PCK2 antibody. Suitable for ICC/IF, WB and reacts with Human, Mouse samples. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human PCK2.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.09% Sodium azide
Constituents: 99.91% PBS
ICC/IF | WB | |
---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Expected | Tested |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 5 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 2.5 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species Mouse | Dilution info 2.5 µg/mL | Notes - |
Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle (PubMed:28955899). Can play an active role in glyceroneogenesis and gluconeogenesis (PubMed:28955899).
PEPCK2, PCK2, PEPCK-M, mtPCK2
Rabbit Multiclonal PCK2 antibody. Suitable for ICC/IF, WB and reacts with Human, Mouse samples. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human PCK2.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.09% Sodium azide
Constituents: 99.91% PBS
Recombinant multiclonals are a mixture of recombinant antibodies co-expressed from a library of heavy and light chains.
Recombinant multiclonal antibodies offer the sensitivity of polyclonal antibodies by recognising multiple epitopes, along with consistency of a recombinant antibody.
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) also known as mitochondrial PEPCK is an enzyme that plays an important role in gluconeogenesis. It catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the mitochondria. PCK2 has a molecular mass of approximately 69 kDa and is expressed mainly in tissues that require high energy production such as the liver and kidney. Despite its vital function in energy metabolism PCK2 is also present in other metabolic tissues.
PCK2 contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis. It achieves this by being a part of the gluconeogenic pathway working in concert with cytosolic PCK1. PCK2 does not work alone; it integrates into a larger metabolic framework that includes various enzymes essential for converting different substrates into glucose. This enzyme is notably active during fasting states or periods of high energy demands such as intense exercise ensuring a continuous supply of glucose to maintain cellular functions.
PCK2 plays an important role in the gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle. The gluconeogenesis pathway allows the liver and kidney to produce glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates which is integral during fasting and low-carbohydrate diet. It is functionally linked with other key enzymes like pyruvate carboxylase in converting pyruvate to glucose and also cooperates with malate dehydrogenase in the TCA cycle. This cooperation ensures efficient energy production and conversion balance in the cell.
PCK2 expression is linked to type 2 diabetes and certain cancers. In type 2 diabetes altered PCK2 activity impacts glucose production contributing to hyperglycemia. Studies have shown that its dysregulation may correlate with insulin resistance a characteristic feature of diabetes. In cancer particularly some forms of breast cancer the interplay between PCK2 and oncogenes like KRAS can affect tumor metabolism promoting the adaptation of cancer cells to the energy-demanding environment.
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Western blot analysis was performed on membrane enriched extracts (30 µg lysate) of Hep G2 (Lane 1), A549 (Lane 2), HeLa (Lane 3), HT-29 (Lane 4), MDA-MB-231 (Lane 5), HEK-293 (Lane 6), A-431 (Lane 7), Jurkat (Lane 8) and C2C12 (Lane 9). The blots were probed with ab308126 at 2.5 µg/mL and detected by chemiluminescence using a Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP conjugate at 1/4000 dilution. A 70 kDa band corresponding to PCK2 was observed across the cell lines tested. Known quantity of protein samples were electrophoresed using a 4-12% Bis-Tris gel, electrophoresis system and pre-stained protein standard. Resolved proteins were then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. The membrane was probed with the relevant primary and secondary Antibody following blocking with 5% skimmed milk. Chemiluminescent detection was performed (ECL).
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PCK2 antibody [RP23040240] (ab308126) at 2.5 µg/mL
Lane 1: HepG2 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 2: A549 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 3: HeLa cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 4: HT-29 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 5: MDA-MB-231 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 6: HEK-293 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 7: A431 cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 8: Jurkat cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 9: C2C12 cell lysate at 30 µg
All lanes: HRP conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody at 1/4000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Observed band size: 70 kDa
For immunofluorescence analysis, HepG2 cells were fixed and permeabilized for detection of endogenous PCK2 using ab308126 at 5 µg/mL) and labeled with a Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate at 1/2000 dilution.
Panel a) shows representative cells that were stained for detection and localization of PCK2 protein (green)
Panel b) is stained for nuclei (blue) using DAPI
Panel c) represents cytoskeletal F-actin staining using Rhodamine Phalloidin at 1/300 dilution
Panel d) is a composite image of Panels a, b and c clearly demonstrating Mitochondrial localisation of PCK2
Panel e) represents control cells with no primary antibody to assess background
The images were captured at 60X magnification
For immunofluorescence analysis, HepG2 cells were fixed and permeabilized for detection of endogenous PCK2 using ab308126 at 5 µg/mL and labeled with a Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate at 1/2000 dilution.
Panel a) shows representative cells that were stained for detection and localization of PCK2 protein (green)
Panel b) is stained for nuclei (blue) using DAPI
Panel c) represents mitochondrial staining using a red mitochondria stain (MitoTracker)
Panel d) is a composite image of Panels a, b and c clearly demonstrating co-localization of PCK2 with MitoTracker which specifically stains mitochondria
Panel e) represents control cells with no primary antibody to assess background
The images were captured at 60X magnification
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