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Rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody SP142 ab228462 is a rabbit monoclonal antibody that is used in PD-L1 IHC and immunofluorescence.

Recombinant format for high batch-to-batch consistency and reproducible results
Validated for PD-L1 staining on the Leica BOND® MAX automated staining platform for multiplex IHC
Validated for PD-L1 staining on the Leica BOND™ RX automated IHC staining platform
Specificity and sensitivity confirmed in IHC with multi-tissue microarray validation.


Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (AB228462), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (AB228462), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (AB228462), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (AB228462), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (AB228462), expandable thumbnail

Publications

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Host species

Rabbit

Storage buffer

pH: 7.6
Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 1% BSA

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
ICC/IFIHC-PmIHC
Human
Expected
Tested
Tested
Transfected cell line - Human
Tested
Not recommended
Not recommended

Tested
Tested

Species

Transfected cell line - Human

Dilution info

1/50

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Expected
Expected

Species

Human

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/100

Notes

Primary antibody incubation for 10 minutes at room temperature.

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species

Transfected cell line - Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/500

Notes

-

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species

Transfected cell line - Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Associated Products

Select an associated product type

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Target data

Function

Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:28813410). As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:28813410). Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) (PubMed:10581077).The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival (PubMed:28813417, PubMed:28813410). The interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function (By similarity). The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy (By similarity).

Alternative names

Recommended products

Rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody SP142 ab228462 is a rabbit monoclonal antibody that is used in PD-L1 IHC and immunofluorescence.

Recombinant format for high batch-to-batch consistency and reproducible results
Validated for PD-L1 staining on the Leica BOND® MAX automated staining platform for multiplex IHC
Validated for PD-L1 staining on the Leica BOND™ RX automated IHC staining platform
Specificity and sensitivity confirmed in IHC with multi-tissue microarray validation.

Alternative names

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Clone number

SP142

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A/G

Concentration
Loading...
Purification notes

Purified from TCS by protein A/G.

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate short-term storage duration

1-2 weeks

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

+4°C

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

-20°C

Aliquoting information

Upon delivery aliquot

Storage information

Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Notes

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

This product is FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. For commercial use, please contact partnerships@abcam.com.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PD-L1 also known as programmed death-ligand 1 or CD274 plays an important role in the immune system. It is a protein expressed on antigen-presenting cells and some tumor cells helping them interact with T-cells. The molecular weight of PD-L1 is approximately 33 kDa. PD-L1 expression can occur in various tissues and is often upregulated in tumor microenvironments. This increased expression helps tumors evade the immune response.

Biological function summary

PD-L1 modulates the immune response by interacting with its receptor PD-1 on T-cells and other immune cells leading to immune suppression. It is part of the PD-1/PD-L1 complex an important regulator of T-cell activity and immune tolerance. The binding of PD-L1 to PD-1 inhibits T-cell proliferation and cytokine production reducing the ability of the immune system to attack cancer cells.

Pathways

PD-L1 is involved in the immune checkpoint pathway and the cancer immunity cycle. Its interaction with PD-1 influences important signaling cascades within these pathways affecting the immune system's capacity to target tumor cells effectively. Another protein important in this context is CTLA-4 another immune checkpoint regulator which along with PD-1 modulates immune system activity against cancer.

Associated diseases and disorders

PD-L1 has strong connections to cancer and autoimmune diseases. Many cancers including melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer exploit PD-L1 to protect themselves from the immune system. Increased PD-L1 expression can also impact autoimmune disorders where the immune system reacts against healthy body tissues. This interaction further involves PD-1 and CTLA-4 illustrating their shared roles in these disease contexts.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

15 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    IHC image of ab228462 staining PD-L1 in human tonsil formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections*, performed on a Leica BOND RX (standard Protocol F, Polymer Refine kit). The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer (pH9, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 30 mins at 98°C. The section was then incubated with ab228462, 1/400 working dilution, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system for 8 minutes at room temperature. DAB was used as the chromogen for 10 minutes at room temperature. The section was then counterstained with hematoxylin, blued, dehydrated, cleared and mounted with DPX.

    For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

    *Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    PD-L1 immunohistochemistry staining of human placenta using rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody

    Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human placenta tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    PD-L1 immunofluorescence staining of CHO-PD-L1 cells using rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody

    Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence analysis of CHO-PD-L1 (PD-L1 stably expessed Chinese hamster ovary epithelial cell) cells labeling PD-L1 with purified ab228462 at 1/50 dilution (2 μg/ml). Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100. Cells were counterstained with Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) at 1/200 dilution (2.5 μg/ml). Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1000 (2 μg/ml) dilution. DAPI was used as nuclear counterstain. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Hodgkin's lymphoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    PD-L1 immunohistochemistry staining of human tonsil using rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody

    Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human lung squamous cell carcinoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    IHC image of ab228462 staining PD-L1 in PD-L1 Dynamic Range Analyte Control formalin fixed paraffin embedded human cell lines (HistoCyte Laboratories

    ), performed on a Leica BOND RX (standard Protocol F, Polymer Refine kit). The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer (pH9, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 30 mins at 98°C. The section was then incubated with ab228462, 1/400 working dilution, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system for 8 minutes at room temperature. DAB was used as the chromogen for 10 minutes at room temperature. The section was then counterstained with hematoxylin, blued, dehydrated, cleared and mounted with DPX.

    For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    PD-L1 immunohistochemistry staining of adenocarcinoma using rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody

    Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    PD-L1 immunohistochemistry staining of adenocarcinoma using rabbit anti-PD-L1 antibody

    Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human prostate adenocarcinoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human skin squamous cell carcinoma tissue stained for PD-L1 using ab228462 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue staining PD1 with Anti-PD1 antibody [RM1033] ab309363 at a 1/4000 dilution ( 0.125 μg/ml), ab228462 anti-PD-L1 used at 1/100 dilution (0.52 μg/ml) and Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] ab213363 anti-CD68 used at a 1/500 dilution (1.26 μg/ml).

    Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (gray; Opal™690), anti-PD1 (green; Opal™520) and anti-PD-L1 (red; Opal™570) on human tonsil.

    Panel B: anti-PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.

    Panel C: anti-PD-L1 stained on cells involved in T cell inhibition.

    Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.

    The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] ab213363 and Anti-PD1 antibody [RM1033] ab309363 for 30 mins, then ab228462 for 10 mins at room temperature.

    Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
    Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.

    The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Tissue Microarrays stained for "Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal" using "ab228462"in immunohistochemical analysis. This table provides a detailed overview of positive (tick mark) and negative (cross mark) staining per sample type tested. The sections were pre-treated using Heat mediated antigen retrieval using Bond™ Epitope Retrieval Solution 2 (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The sections were incubated with ab228462 for 10 mins at room temperature followed by a ready to use Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB ab209101). The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin (FFPE) embedded tonsil labelling PD-L1 with ab228462 at a dilution of 1/200. The immunostaining was performed on a Ventana DISCOVERY ULTRA (Roche Tissue Diagnostics) instrument with an OptiView DAB IHC Detection Kit followed by OptiView Amplification kit . Heat mediated antigen retrieval was conducted for 32min with DISCOVERY cell conditioning solution (CC1)  100°C, pH 8.5. ab228462 was incubated at 37°C for 16 min. Sections were counterstained is with Hematoxylin II. Image inset shows absence of staining in secondary antibody only control

  • Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462), expandable thumbnail

    Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal (ab228462)

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human tonsil labelling PD1 with Anti-PD1 antibody [EPR23119-111] ab243644 at 1/500 dilution (1.02 µg/mL) (D), Ki67 with Anti-Ki67 antibody [SP6] ab16667 at 1/200 dilution (0.15 μg/ml) (B) and PD-L1 with ab228462 at 1/100 dilution (0.52 μg/ml) (C). Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb was used as a secondary antibody, and DAPI was used for a nuclear counter stain. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Citrate buffer (pH 6.0, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20 mins.

    Panel A: merged staining of anti-Ki67 (magenta; Opal™690), anti-PD-L1 (red; Opal™570) and anti-PD1 (green; Opal™520) on human tonsil.
    Panel B: anti-Ki67 stained on nucleus of proliferating cells.
    Panel C: anti-PD-L1 stained on membrane of cells involved in T cell inhibition.
    Panel D: anti-PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.

    The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-Ki67 antibody [SP6] ab16667 for 10 mins, Anti-PD1 antibody [EPR23119-111] ab243644 for 30 mins and ab228462 for 10 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.

    The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com