Rabbit Recombinant Multiclonal PD1 antibody. Suitable for mIHC, WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Human, Mouse samples.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
mIHC | WB | IHC-P | ICC/IF | Flow Cyt | IP | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Tested | Expected | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Mouse | Expected | Tested | Not recommended | Tested | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Rat | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/4000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/4000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/50 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human, Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human, Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:21276005). Delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2 (PubMed:21276005). Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation (By similarity). Suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta (By similarity). The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival (PubMed:28951311). The interaction with CD274/PDCD1L1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function (PubMed:28951311). The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy (PubMed:22658127, PubMed:25034862, PubMed:25399552).
CD279, PD1, PDCD1, Programmed cell death protein 1, Protein PD-1, hPD-1
Rabbit Recombinant Multiclonal PD1 antibody. Suitable for mIHC, WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Human, Mouse samples.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
This product is a recombinant multiclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
PD1 also known as Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 or PDCD1 is a transmembrane protein that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses. It has a mass of approximately 55 kDa. PD1 is expressed on the surface of T cells B cells and some myeloid cells. PD1’s expression increases upon activation of these immune cells assisting in maintaining peripheral tolerance. Researchers often use PD1 mouse models and chimeric antibodies to explore the function of PD1 for experimental purposes. Antibodies such as anti-PD1 such as EH12.2H7 help in blocking PD1 interaction to study its role further.
PD1 serves as an inhibitory receptor acting as a checkpoint in the immune system. It becomes part of an immune-suppressive complex when it binds with its ligands PD-L1 or PD-L2 which are expressed on various cell types including some tumor cells. This interaction suppresses the proliferation of T cells and cytokine production contributing to immune homeostasis. By controlling T cell activity PD1 limits autoimmunity but can also reduce the immune system's capability to attack cancer cells.
PD1 functions in the immune checkpoint pathway a critical regulatory circuit in immune regulation. The engagement of PD1 with its ligands initiates a cascade that inhibits the function and proliferation of T cells through downstream SHP-2 phosphatase activity. This pathway frequently involves other regulatory proteins like CTLA-4 and is an important mechanism by which the body modulates immune responses. Related pathways often intersect with those involving T cell receptor signaling and contribute to the overall modulation of immune activity.
PD1 has a significant role in cancer and autoimmune disorders. PD1 expression can allow tumors to evade immune surveillance making PD1 a target for cancer therapies such as anti-PD1 antibodies which aim to block PD1 and restore T cell activity. The interaction of PD1 with cancer-related proteins like PD-L1 facilitates tumor immune evasion. In autoimmune disorders PD1’s regulation of immune balance can become dysregulated leading to persistent immune activation and tissue damage. Understanding PD1 and its interaction with proteins such as PD-L1 helps in developing therapeutic strategies for both cancer and autoimmune conditions.
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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Terms & Conditions.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue staining PD1 with ab309363 at a 1/4000 dilution ( 0.125 μg/ml), Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal ab228462 anti-PD-L1 used at 1/100 dilution (0.52 μg/ml) and Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] ab213363 anti-CD68 used at a 1/500 dilution (1.26 μg/ml).
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (gray; Opal™690), anti-PD1 (green; Opal™520) and anti-PD-L1 (red; Opal™570) on human tonsil.
Panel B: anti-PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.
Panel C: anti-PD-L1 stained on cells involved in T cell inhibition.
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] ab213363 and ab309363 for 30 mins, then Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal ab228462 for 10 mins at room temperature.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human tonsil tissue labeling PD1 with ab309363 at 1/4000 (0.125 ug/ml) followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection). Positive staining on human tonsil. The section was incubated with ab309363 for 30 mins at room temperature.The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST
Negative control: CTLL-2 (PMID: 1396582).
In Western blot, anti-GAPDH antibody (Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control ab181602) staining at 1/20, 0000 dilution.
Exposure time: 125 seconds
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-PD1 antibody [RM1033] (ab309363) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: MOLT-4 (human lymphoblastic leukemia T lymphoblast) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: EL4 (mouse lymphoma T lymphocyte) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: EL4.IL-2 (mouse lymphoma T lymphocyte) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: CTLL-2 (mouse T lymphocyte) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 5: Human tomsil tissue lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Observed band size: 60 kDa, 80 kDa
Exposure time: 125s
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human cerebrum tissue labeling PD1 with ab309363 at 1/4000 (0.125 ug/ml) followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection). Negative control: no staining on human cerebrum. The section was incubated with ab309363 for 30 mins at room temperature.The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% TritonX-100 permeabilized EL-4 (mouse lymphoma T lymphocyte) cells labelling PD1 with ab309363 at 1/50 (10.02 ug/ml) dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed antibody at 1/1000 2ug/mL dilution (Green). Confocal image showing membranous and cytoplasmic staining in EL-4 cell line.Negative control: CTLL-2 (PMID: 1396582).Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8). is observed. Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889 Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/200 2.5ug/ml dilution (Red). The Nuclear counterstain was DAPI (Blue). Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed at 1/1000 2ug/mL dilution.
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