PE Anti-PFKM + PFKL antibody [EPR11904]

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PFKM (phosphofructokinase muscle) and PFKL (phosphofructokinase liver) are key enzymes in glycolysis. PFKM is also known as phosphofructokinase-1 muscle type and has a mass of approximately 85 kDa while PFKL also has a similar mass. These enzymes are expressed mainly in their respective tissues—PFKM in muscle and PFKL in the liver—where they catalyze the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-16-bisphosphate. This reaction is important for committing glucose to the glycolytic pathway controlling the rate of glycolysis.

Biological function summary

PFKM and PFKL play significant roles in cellular metabolism. They form homotetramers or heterotetramers in the presence of PFKP (phosphofructokinase platelet) another isozyme. The tetrameric enzyme complexes function as a significant control point for the glycolytic flux responding to allosteric activators like AMP and inhibitors such as ATP and citrate therefore regulating ATP production based on cellular energy demands.

Pathways

PFKM and PFKL are integral to glycolysis one of the primary metabolic pathways for energy production. They are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis by interacting with other glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase and pyruvate kinase. Their action ensures efficient conversion of glucose to pyruvate linking to the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation within aerobic respiration.

PFKM and PFKL have connections to glycogen storage disease type VII (Tarui's disease) and cancer metabolism. In Tarui's disease mutations in the PFKM gene impair glycolysis in muscle tissues leading to exercise-induced muscle weakness. Furthermore cancer cells often exhibit altered PFKL expression attributed to their increased glycolytic rate for rapid proliferation. The interplay between these enzymes and regulation by p53 which can modulate PFKL activity influences glycolytic pathways in cancerous tissues.