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AB210448

PE Anti-PKM antibody [EPR10138(B)]

5

(2 Reviews)

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(1 Publication)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal KPYM antibody - conjugated to PE. Suitable for ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples. Cited in 1 publication.

View Alternative Names

OIP3, PK2, PK3, PKM2, PKM, Pyruvate kinase PKM, Cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein, Opa-interacting protein 3, Pyruvate kinase 2/3, Pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme, Threonine-protein kinase PKM2, Thyroid hormone-binding protein 1, Tumor M2-PK, Tyrosine-protein kinase PKM2, p58, CTHBP, OIP-3, THBP1

2 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - PE Anti-PKM antibody [EPR10138(B)] (AB210448)
  • ICC/IF

Lab

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - PE Anti-PKM antibody [EPR10138(B)] (AB210448)

ab210448 staining PKM in HeLa cells. The cells were fixed with 100% methanol (5min), permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 5 minutes and then blocked with 1% BSA/10% normal goat serum/0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h. The cells were then incubated overnight at +4°C with ab210448 at 1/1000 dilution (pseudocolored in green) and ab195884, Rat monoclonal to Tubulin (Alexa Fluor® 647), at 1/250 dilution (shown in red). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue).

Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

This product also gave a positive signal under the same testing conditions in HeLa cells fixed with 4% formaldehyde (10 min).

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - PE Anti-PKM antibody [EPR10138(B)] (AB210448)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Lab

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - PE Anti-PKM antibody [EPR10138(B)] (AB210448)

Overlay histogram showing HeLa cells stained with ab210448 (red line). The cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 90% methanol for 30 min at -20°C. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab210448, 1/5000 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C.

Isotype control antibody (black line) was rabbit IgG (monoclonal) Phycoerythrin (ab209478) used at the same concentration and conditions as the primary antibody. Unlabelled sample (blue line) was also used as a control.

Acquisition of >5,000 events were collected using a 50mW Yellow-Green laser (561nm) and 586/15 bandpass filter.

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR10138(B)

Isotype

IgG

Conjugation

PE

Excitation/Emission

Ex: 480;565nm, Em: 578nm

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human, Human, Mouse, Rat

Applications

ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra)

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "ICCIF" : {"fullname" : "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence", "shortname":"ICC/IF"}, "FlowCytIntra" : {"fullname" : "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular)", "shortname":"Flow Cyt (Intra)"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "1/1000", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p>This product gave a positive signal in HeLa cells fixed with 4% formaldehyde (10 min) and 100% methanol (5 min)</p>", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "1/5000", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<p><a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/pe-rabbit-igg-monoclonal-epr25a-isotype-control-ab209478'>ab209478</a> - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Phycoerythrin), is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.</p>" }, "Mouse": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "guaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p></p>", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "guaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<p></p>" }, "Rat": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "guaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p></p>", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "guaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<p></p>" }, "Pig": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "predicted", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "predicted", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "" } } }
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Product details

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.4 Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 1% BSA
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Do Not Freeze|Store in the dark
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PKM also known as pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme (PKM) and PEP is an enzyme that plays an important role in glycolysis by catalysing the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate yielding ATP in the process. The PKM protein has two isoforms PKM1 and PKM2 which result from alternative splicing of the PKM gene. The mass of PKM2 the more studied isoform is approximately 58 kDa. PKM is expressed in various tissues prominently in skeletal muscle heart brain and many tumor cells. Additionally PKM has significant activity in rapidly proliferating cells suggesting its importance in high-energy demanding environments.
Biological function summary

PKM functions not only in catalyzing the last step of glycolysis but also regulates metabolic and transcriptional processes. Specifically PKM2 is a participant in the regulation of gene expression and cellular response to oxidative stress and nutrient availability. It can exist as a dimer or tetramer with the latter being the more active form in glycolytic pathways while the dimeric form can translocate to the nucleus to perform functions unrelated to its glycolytic activity. These transformations make PKM part of a dynamic complex that responds to various cellular signals.

Pathways

PKM integrates into essential metabolic pathways including the glycolytic pathway and influences the pentose phosphate pathway. It works in conjunction with phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) another key glycolytic enzyme synchronizing the energy production process in cells. PKM2's non-metabolic roles involve interactions in signaling pathways related to cellular proliferation and survival often interacting with and modulating proteins like HIF-1α which plays a central role in cellular responses to hypoxia.

PKM2 shows strong connections to cancer and metabolic diseases. Tumor cells often exhibit a shift in expression from PKM1 to PKM2 facilitating the altered metabolism known as the Warburg effect characterized by increased aerobic glycolysis. Its interaction with HIF-1α promotes adaptation to low oxygen environments typical in tumorous growth. Furthermore PKM disruptions or aberrations contribute to metabolic disorders such as diabetes where altered glucose metabolism becomes evident. The protein's behavior in these disease conditions indicates potential targets for therapeutic intervention highlighting the importance of PKM in both normal physiology and pathology.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Catalyzes the final rate-limiting step of glycolysis by mediating the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP (PubMed : 15996096, PubMed : 1854723, PubMed : 20847263). The ratio between the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production (PubMed : 15996096, PubMed : 1854723, PubMed : 20847263). The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation and survival (PubMed : 15996096, PubMed : 1854723, PubMed : 20847263).. Isoform M2. Isoform specifically expressed during embryogenesis that has low pyruvate kinase activity by itself and requires allosteric activation by D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) for pyruvate kinase activity (PubMed : 18337823, PubMed : 20847263). In addition to its pyruvate kinase activity in the cytoplasm, also acts as a regulator of transcription in the nucleus by acting as a protein kinase (PubMed : 18191611, PubMed : 21620138, PubMed : 22056988, PubMed : 22306293, PubMed : 22901803, PubMed : 24120661). Translocates into the nucleus in response to various signals, such as EGF receptor activation, and homodimerizes, leading to its conversion into a protein threonine- and tyrosine-protein kinase (PubMed : 22056988, PubMed : 22306293, PubMed : 22901803, PubMed : 24120661, PubMed : 26787900). Catalyzes phosphorylation of STAT3 at 'Tyr-705' and histone H3 at 'Thr-11' (H3T11ph), leading to activate transcription (PubMed : 22306293, PubMed : 22901803, PubMed : 24120661). Its ability to activate transcription plays a role in cancer cells by promoting cell proliferation and promote tumorigenesis (PubMed : 18337823, PubMed : 22901803, PubMed : 26787900). Promotes the expression of the immune checkpoint protein CD274 in BMAL1-deficient macrophages (By similarity). May also act as a translation regulator for a subset of mRNAs, independently of its pyruvate kinase activity : associates with subpools of endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosomes, binds directly to the mRNAs translated at the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes translation of these endoplasmic reticulum-destined mRNAs (By similarity). Plays a role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells (PubMed : 17308100).. Isoform M1. Pyruvate kinase isoform expressed in adult tissues, which replaces isoform M2 after birth (PubMed : 18337823). In contrast to isoform M2, has high pyruvate kinase activity by itself and does not require allosteric activation by D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) for activity (PubMed : 20847263).
See full target information PKM
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Publications (1)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

iScience 27:111279 PubMed39628557

2024

Dietary caloric restriction protects experimental autoimmune uveitis by regulating Teff/Treg balance.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Zhaohuai Li,Runping Duan,Qi Jiang,Jiaying Liu,Jialing Chen,Loujing Jiang,Tianfu Wang,He Li,Yihan Zhang,Xuening Peng,Zhaohao Huang,Lei Zhu,Wenjun Zou,Ying Lin,Wenru Su
View all publications
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Product promise

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