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AB208998

PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

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(1 Publication)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody - conjugated to PE. Suitable for ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 1 publication.

View Alternative Names

TK1

2 Images
Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB208998)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Lab

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB208998)

Overlay histogram showing HeLa cells stained with ab208998 (red line). The cells were fixed with 80% methanol (5 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100 for 15 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab208998, 1/5000 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C.

Isotype control antibody (black line) was rabbit IgG (monoclonal) Phycoerythrin (ab209478) used at the same concentration and conditions as the primary antibody. Unlabelled sample (blue line) was also used as a control.

Acquisition of >5,000 events were collected using a 50mW Yellow-Green laser (561nm) and 586/15 bandpass filter.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB208998)
  • ICC/IF

Lab

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB208998)

ab208998 staining Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 in HeLa cells. The cells were fixed with 100% methanol (5min), permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 5 minutes and then blocked with 1% BSA/10% normal goat serum/0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h. The cells were then incubated overnight at +4°C with ab208998 at 1/100 dilution (Pseudocolored in green) and ab195884, Rat monoclonal to Tubulin (Alexa Fluor® 647), at 1/250 dilution (shown in red). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue).

Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

  • Unconjugated

    Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

  • Carrier free

    Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR3194

Isotype

IgG

Conjugation

PE

Excitation/Emission

Ex: 480;565nm, Em: 578nm

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human

Applications

ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra)

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "ICCIF" : {"fullname" : "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence", "shortname":"ICC/IF"}, "FlowCytIntra" : {"fullname" : "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular)", "shortname":"Flow Cyt (Intra)"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "1/100", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p>This product gave a positive signal in HeLa cells fixed with 4% formaldehyde (10 min) and 100% methanol (5 min)</p>", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "1/5000", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<p><a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/pe-rabbit-igg-monoclonal-epr25a-isotype-control-ab209478'>ab209478</a> - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Phycoerythrin), is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.</p>" } } }

Product details

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.4 Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 1% BSA
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Do Not Freeze|Store in the dark

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) also known as Thymidine Kinase isoform A is an enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of thymidine into thymidine monophosphate an important component in DNA synthesis. TK1 has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in proliferating cells with expression levels peaking during the S phase of the cell cycle. You often find TK1 in tissues with high cell division rates like bone marrow and lymphatic tissues.
Biological function summary

This enzyme is critical for DNA replication and repair by providing deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) a deoxynucleoside triphosphate. TK1 operates as a monomer but can form a tetrameric complex in its active state which enhances its affinity for substrates. TK1 can process various substrates including thymidine and thymidine analogs such as 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and EdU. These substrates are vital in molecular biology as they help in measuring DNA synthesis in cell proliferation studies.

Pathways

The function of TK1 is central to the salvage pathway of nucleotide synthesis. This pathway allows recycling of thymidine from degraded DNA which is particularly important for rapidly dividing cells that need to ensure a sufficient supply of nucleotides. TK1 acts alongside other enzymes such as thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase to maintain nucleotide balance within the cell ensuring proper DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation.

TK1 levels often increase in cancerous tissues due to their elevated cell proliferation rates. Serum TK1 is a biomarker for various cancers like leukemia and breast cancer. Studies show a correlation between high TK1 activity and tumor aggressiveness and progression. Additionally interactions of TK1 with the protein p53 a tumor suppressor show that defects in TK1 regulation can contribute to genomic instability highlighting its role in oncogenesis.

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Target data

Cell-cycle-regulated enzyme of importance in nucleotide metabolism (PubMed : 9575153). Catalyzes the first enzymatic step in the salvage pathway converting thymidine into thymidine monophosphate (PubMed : 22385435). Transcriptional regulation limits expression to the S phase of the cell cycle and transient expression coincides with the oscillation in the intracellular dTTP concentration (Probable). Also important for the activation of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analog prodrugs such as 1-b-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (AraC) and 3c-azido-3c-deoxythymidine (AZT) (PubMed : 22385435).
See full target information TK1

Publications (1)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 13: PubMed40953922

2025

Pancreatic cancer cells escape T/NK cell immune surveillance through the expressional separation of CD58.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yalu Zhang,Huaijin Zheng,Ronghua Zhang,Jiayi Li,Sen Yang,Yuze Hua,Jorg Kleeff,Quan Liao,Qiaofei Liu
View all publications

Product promise

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