Anti-Perilipin A+B antibody

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Perilipin A and B often referred to as PLIN1 are proteins that regulate lipid metabolism at the cellular level. Perilipin A has a mass of approximately 57 kDa while Perilipin B is slightly smaller with a mass of around 46 kDa. Both proteins are expressed on the surface of lipid droplets found within adipocytes and other lipid-storing cells. They serve as critical regulators in the storage and hydrolysis of fats acting as protective barriers against lipase access which controls lipolysis rates.

Biological function summary

These proteins function as key elements in lipid droplet formation and stabilization. They play a protective role by coating lipid droplets preventing untimely degradation of stored fats. Perilipin A associates with hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) coordinating the breakdown and release of fats in response to hormonal signals. Perilipin A and B do not act alone but instead as part of a larger protein complex on the lipid droplet surface promoting efficient energy homeostasis.

Pathways

Perilipin A and B actively participate in lipid mobilization and storage pathways. These proteins are vital components of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway which regulates lipolysis in adipocytes. In response to epinephrine and norepinephrine Perilipin phosphorylation facilitates the access of HSL to lipid droplets therefore promoting fat degradation. They closely interact with proteins like Comparative Gene Identification-58 (CGI-58) assisting in the regulation of lipolytic activity and energy balance.

Perilipin A and B have implications in metabolic conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Alterations in Perilipin expression or function can disrupt normal lipid homeostasis leading to excessive fat accumulation or inadequate fat breakdown. These proteins relate to insulin resistance pathways where disrupted lipolysis contributes to elevated free fatty acids setting the stage for metabolic syndrome. A typical example includes Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) which influences Perilipin expression and impacts adipose tissue function in metabolic disease contexts.