Anti-PIGS antibody [EPR11275(B)] - BSA and Azide free

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PIGS also known as Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Anchor Biosynthesis Class S is a protein involved in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors. It is a component of the GPI transamidase complex which plays an important role in attaching GPI anchors to proteins. PIGS has a molecular mass of approximately 99 kDa and is predominantly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum. This protein ensures the proper anchoring of GPI-anchored proteins to the membrane which is essential for their function.

Biological function summary

The GPI anchor system is critical for membrane protein localization and function. PIGS is an integral part of a multimeric enzyme complex within the endoplasmic reticulum that facilitates the attachment of GPI anchors to proteins. This process affects various cellular mechanisms including signal transduction and cell adhesion. Proper function of PIGS and its associated complex is necessary for maintaining the stability and activity of GPI-anchored proteins.

Pathways

The role of PIGS is important in the GPI-anchor biosynthesis pathway. This pathway involves a series of reactions that result in the addition of a GPI anchor to proteins facilitating their sorting and targeting to specific cellular locations. PIGS is part of this pathway along with other proteins like GPAA1 and PIGT which work together in the GPI transamidase complex to attach newly synthesized GPI anchors to proteins.

Associated diseases and disorders

Malfunction of PIGS or disruptions in GPI anchor biosynthesis can lead to health issues such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome (HPMRS). In PNH defects in GPI-anchor synthesis lead to increased sensitivity of red blood cells to complement-mediated lysis. PIGS interacts with proteins such as CD59 and DAF which rely on GPI anchors to inhibit complement pathway activation and ensure cell protection.