Anti-Pigu antibody [EPR16424] - C-terminal

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The target known as PIG-U also referred to as Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Anchor Biosynthesis Class U is an essential component in cellular processes. PIG-U is part of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) transamidase complex important for GPI-anchor biosynthesis. This process allows proteins to attach to membranes essential for cell surface functionality. The approximate molecular mass of PIG-U is 50 kDa. It is widely expressed in various tissues especially those with high rates of cell division and growth.

Biological function summary

PIG-U plays an important role in enabling proteins to attach to the cell membrane via GPI anchors. This protein forms a part of a multi-subunit complex including other critical proteins like PIG-S and PIG-T. The function of PIG-U ensures that proteins needing a GPI-anchor for their localization and function on cellular membranes get tethered correctly. GPI-anchored proteins are involved in cell signaling cell adhesion and interactions with the extracellular matrix highlighting the functional diversity PIG-U supports.

Pathways

GPI-anchor synthesis involves PIG-U as a central node in the GPI biosynthesis pathway. This pathway is essential for the post-translational modification of proteins that will become GPI-anchored. An important protein associated with PIG-U through this pathway is the GPI-Anchor Transamidase complex. Another significant pathway related to PIG-U is the N-Glycan biosynthesis where proper glycosylation of proteins is coordinated sharing a network with proteins like GnT-1.

Associated diseases and disorders

Mutations or dysfunctions in PIG-U have links to the pathogenesis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) which involves the body's inability to regulate complement on the surface of blood cells. Additionally various forms of intellectual disability relate to abnormalities in the GPI-anchor biosynthesis pathway influenced by PIG-U's functionality. PIG-T and other components of the GPI Transamidase complex are also implicated in these disorders highlighting the importance of PIG-U in maintaining normal cellular function and health.