Anti-Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) antibody [SPM593]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) also known by names like alkaline phosphatase/PLAP protein or ALPP functions as an enzyme that removes phosphate groups from molecules. It typically appears in tissues such as the placenta and is known to be active during pregnancy. PLAP has a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. Normally found expressed in the placenta this enzyme shares similarities with other alkaline phosphatases but is distinct due to its specific expression and function during gestation.

Biological function summary

PLAP shows importance in bone mineralization and fetal development. It participates in the hydrolysis of phosphate esters influencing nutrient availability and metabolism. PLAP is not a part of major protein complexes; however its enzymatic activity directly affects local phosphate concentrations which are critical for processes like bone formation and tissue regeneration during pregnancy.

Pathways

PLAP expression and activity intersect significantly with phosphate metabolism and fetal development pathways. The alkaline phosphatase family plays central roles in these pathways and PLAP shares functions with other isoenzymes in the family such as the tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase. These enzymes regulate phosphate turnover and contribute to essential developmental processes.

Associated diseases and disorders

PLAP connects primarily to certain types of cancers and gestational disorders. Elevated levels of PLAP link to testicular germ cell tumors and ovarian cancer where it serves as a biomarker. In gestational trophoblastic disease PLAP expression provides valuable diagnostic information. Interactions with proteins like hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) also offer insights into potential disease mechanisms especially in reproductive health challenges.