Anti-PODXL antibody - C-terminal

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PODXL also known as podocalyxin-like protein is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein possessing a mass of approximately 165 kDa. This protein is a member of the CD34 family and exhibits expression primarily on the apical surface of podocytes in the kidney most hematopoietic stem cells and certain cancer cell types. In its mechanical role PODXL mainly functions in cell adhesion and the maintenance of cell shape through its cytoplasmic domain that connects with the cytoskeleton. The sialylated and sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains on the extracellular domain contribute to its charge and barrier functions.

Biological function summary

The primary function of podocalyxin-like protein revolves around maintaining the filtration barrier in the kidney by repelling negatively charged molecules. It forms part of the slit diaphragm complex along with proteins like nephrin which provides the structural support necessary for its function. PODXL also plays roles in the development of the vascular system and hematopoietic cell lineage contributing to cellular processes like migration and proliferation. Its interaction with the actin cytoskeleton ensures proper localization and function within these biological contexts.

Pathways

There are important connections between podocalyxin-like protein and the Ras signaling pathway involved in cell growth and adhesion processes. It can also engage in integrin-mediated cell adhesion pathways facilitating processes such as cell signaling and migration. Through these pathways it associates with proteins like ezrin which links it to the cytoskeleton and contributes to its role in cell morphology and motility.

Associated diseases and disorders

Altered PODXL expression shows relevance in aggressive forms of cancer including renal cell carcinoma and breast cancer. The protein associates with different markers of poor prognosis making it of interest in cancer research. Furthermore in kidney diseases such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis abnormal PODXL expression affects the slit diaphragm's function leading to proteinuria. Its interaction with nephrin can highlight disrupted cellular architecture typical of these disease states.