Anti-POLE antibody - N-terminal

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The POLE protein also known as DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A functions as an important component in DNA replication and repair mechanisms. POLE possesses a molecular mass of approximately 261 kDa and demonstrates expression primarily in proliferating cells such as those in the bone marrow lymphoid tissues and the gastrointestinal tract. It operates within the eukaryotic DNA polymerase family distinct from other polymerases due to its high fidelity in DNA synthesis which minimizes errors during replication.

Biological function summary

The POLE protein plays an essential role in the high-fidelity synthesis of leading-strand DNA during replication. POLE is part of a larger complex known as the DNA polymerase epsilon holoenzyme collaborating with accessory proteins that enhance its ability to synthesize DNA accurately. Moreover this protein contributes significantly to the proofreading function as it has intrinsic 3' to 5' exonuclease activity allowing the removal of incorrectly paired nucleotides therefore preventing mutations.

Pathways

The POLE protein is fundamentally involved in the DNA replication and repair pathways. These pathways ensure genomic integrity and stability important for normal cell division and preventing genomic instability associated with cancer. POLE interacts with other proteins such as PCNA and RFC (replication factor C) within these pathways facilitating efficient replication fork progression and repair processes. POLE's activity ensures coordination with leading strand synthesis complementing the functions of other polymerases involved in lagging strand DNA synthesis.

Associated diseases and disorders

Mutations in the POLE gene have been linked to colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer. These conditions are often characterized by a hypermutated phenotype arising from impaired DNA proofreading ability due to ineffective exonuclease activity. In this context POLE mutations can assume significance in sporadic cancer cases as well as in hereditary cancer syndromes where it interacts with mismatch repair proteins highlighting its role in maintaining genomic fidelity.