Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Cathepsin D antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 1 publication.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
IHC-P | WB | ICC/IF | Flow Cyt (Intra) | |
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Human | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info 1/100 - 1/250 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 - 1/10000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info 1/100 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown. Plays a role in APP processing following cleavage and activation by ADAM30 which leads to APP degradation (PubMed:27333034). Involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as breast cancer and possibly Alzheimer disease.
CPSD, CTSD, Cathepsin D
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Cathepsin D antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 1 publication.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Mouse, Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with these species. Please contact us for more information.
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
Procathepsin D also known as CTSD is a precursor form of the enzyme Cathepsin D. It has a molecular mass of approximately 52 kDa. Procathepsin D is an aspartic protease expressed mainly in lysosomes but also found in many tissues like liver spleen and the endometrium. Its precursor form undergoes post-translational modification to become active involving the removal of its propeptide segment.
This protease plays significant roles in protein degradation and processing within lysosomes. Procathepsin D remains part of lysosomal enzyme complexes influencing lysosomal balance and turnover of proteins. It contributes to the regulation of cell growth apoptosis and protein activation. Also it impacts antigen presentation and immunity showing importance in cellular maintenance and function.
Procathepsin D participates in the lysosomal degradation pathway impacting autophagy and proteostasis. It interfaces with kinases and caspases routing signaling and apoptosis pathways. Through the lysosomal protein pathway it relates to proteins like Cathepsin B and L which also deal with proteolysis. Procathepsin D's degradation function influences metabolic processes interconnected with the immune response and tissue remodeling.
Procathepsin D shows connections to breast cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Elevated levels have been observed in breast cancer linking it with tumor progression where it may interact with proteins like cathepsin B. In Alzheimer's disease altered procathepsin D activity affects amyloid processing and neuroinflammation associating closely with proteins like amyloid precursor protein (APP) and other cathepsins involved in neurodegenerative processes.
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
ab134169 was shown to recognize in wild-type A431 cells as signal was lost at the expected MW in CTSD knockout cells. Additional cross-reactive bands were observed in the wild-type and knockout cells. Wild-type and CTSD knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. The membrane was blocked with 3% NF Milk. ab134169 and Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291 (Mouse anti-tubulin loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1/2000 dilution and 1/20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-proCathepsin D antibody [EPR3054] (ab134169) at 1/2000 dilution
Lane 1: Wild-type A-431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 40 µg
Lane 2: Cathepsin D knockout A-431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 40 µg
Lane 2: Western blot - Human CTSD knockout A-431 cell line (Human CTSD knockout A-431 cell line ab261891)
Lane 3: Hep G2 (Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 40 µg
Lane 4: MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 40 µg
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 44 kDa, 45 kDa
Observed band size: 46 kDa
Blocking buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-proCathepsin D antibody [EPR3054] (ab134169) at 1/2000 dilution
Lane 1: MCF-7 cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: A431 cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: SKBR-3 cell lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: HRP goat anti-rabbit (H+L) at 1/1000 dilution
Predicted band size: 45 kDa
Observed band size: 44 kDa
Intracellular Flow Cytometry analysis of A431 (human epidermoid carcinoma) cells labeling proCathepsin D with purified ab134169 at 1/100 dilution (10ug/ml) (red). Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilised with 90% methanol. A Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488) (1/2000 dilution) was used as the secondary antibody. Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Black) was used as the isotype control, cells without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody (Blue) were used as the unlabeled control.
Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded human breast carcinoma with purified ab134169 at a working dilution of 1 in 50. The secondary antibody used is a HRP polymer for rabbit IgG. The sample is counter-stained with hematoxylin. Antigen retrieval was perfomed using Tris-EDTA buffer, pH 9.0. PBS was used instead of the primary antibody as the negative control, and is shown in the inset.
Immunofluorescence staining of MCF7 cells with purified ab134169 at a working dilution of 1 in 50, counter-stained with DAPI. The secondary antibody was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti rabbit (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077), used at a dilution of 1 in 500. The cells were fixed in 4% PFA and permeabilized using 0.1% Triton X 100. The negative control is shown in bottom right hand panel - for the negative control, purified ab134169 was used at a dilution of 1/200 followed by an Alexa Fluor® 594 goat anti-mouse antibody at a dilution of 1/500.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-proCathepsin D antibody [EPR3054] (ab134169) at 1/2000 dilution
Lane 1: MCF7 cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: A431 cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 3: SKBR3 cell lysate at 10 µg
All lanes: Standard HRP labelled goat anti-rabbit at 1/2000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 45 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human breast ductal infiltrating carcinoma tissue, staining proCathepsin D using unpurified ab134169 at a 1/250 dilution.
Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
We have systematically measured KD (the equilibrium dissociation constant between the antibody and its antigen), of more than 840 recombinant antibodies to assess not only their individual KD values but also to see the average affinity of antibody.
Based on the comparison with published literature values for mouse monoclonal antibodies, Recombinant antibodies appear to be on average 1-2 order of magnitude higher affinity.
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