Anti-Proteasome 20S alpha + beta antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The proteasome 20S alpha + beta sometimes referred to simply as the 20S proteasome consists of the catalytic core of the larger 26S proteasome complex. This core degrades ubiquitinated proteins in eukaryotic cells. The 20S proteasome has a barrel-like structure composed of 28 subunits arranged in four stacked rings. Each alpha and beta ring contains seven subunits with masses approximately ranging from 20 to 31 kDa. The proteasome 20S alpha + beta is expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells important for maintaining protein homeostasis by removing damaged or misfolded proteins as well as short-lived regulatory proteins.

Biological function summary

The proteasome 20S alpha + beta plays a central role in protein degradation ensuring cellular function by regulating the concentration of specific proteins. It is an important component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) a complex important for protein turnover. The 20S core particle combines with regulatory particles to form the 26S proteasome which recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins before translocation into the core for degradation. By controlling the half-life of critical proteins the proteasome influences cellular processes such as the cell cycle apoptosis and immune responses.

Pathways

The ubiquitin-proteasome system including the proteasome 20S alpha + beta is integral to protein homeostasis and the cell cycle control pathway. It removes cyclins key regulators of cell cycle progression illustrating its regulatory function. Another significant pathway is the NF-kB signaling pathway where the proteasome degrades inhibitors to activate NF-kB a transcription factor involved in inflammation and immune responses. These pathways highlight the proteasome's relationship with proteins like cyclins and IkBa emphasizing its role in cellular regulation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Proteasome dysfunction links to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and certain cancers. Aberrations in proteasomal activity can result in the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates contributing to neurodegenerative processes. In cancers altered regulation of the proteasome may promote cell survival and proliferation. The proteasome is connected to proteins like alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and p53 a tumor suppressor in cancer highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.