Anti-PYGL antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

PYGL also known as glycogen phosphorylase liver form is an enzyme with a monomeric mass of around 97 kDa. Mechanically PYGL catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate by cleaving alpha-14-glycosidic bonds. This enzyme primarily operates in the liver where it plays a critical role in regulating glucose release into the bloodstream. PYGL's activity is tightly controlled by hormonal signals which ensure proper glucose levels.

Biological function summary

The enzyme plays a major role in maintaining energy homeostasis by mobilizing glucose from glycogen stores during fasting states. It does not function as part of a larger complex operating instead as a homodimer when activated. PYGL is critical for the liver's ability to supply glucose to other organs when dietary glucose is not available. Proper functioning of PYGL helps maintain a balance between glucose storage and release contributing to overall metabolic equilibrium.

Pathways

PYGL has a notable role in glycogenolysis a process that liberates stored glycogen as glucose-1-phosphate. This enzyme also connects with gluconeogenesis where it impacts the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. In these pathways its activity often intersects with other enzymes namely phosphoglucomutase and glucose-6-phosphatase which further process the products of PYGL’s activity.

Associated diseases and disorders

PYGL is associated with conditions such as Hers disease a glycogen storage disease caused by a deficiency in hepatic glycogen phosphorylase. This leads to excessive glycogen accumulation in the liver and resultant hypoglycemia. Additionally abnormal PYGL activity relates to type 2 diabetes where altered glycogen metabolism impacts insulin response and glucose homeostasis. In these contexts it maintains functional connections with proteins like insulin receptor and glycogen synthase which together influence carbohydrate metabolism balance.