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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Rad51 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, IP, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human, Rat, Mouse samples. Cited in 3 publications.


Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (AB221796), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (AB221796), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (AB221796), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (AB221796), expandable thumbnail
  • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (AB221796), expandable thumbnail

Publications

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Host species

Rabbit

Storage buffer

pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Constituents: PBS

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
IHC-PIPWBICC/IFFlow Cyt (Intra)
Human
Tested
Tested
Tested
Tested
Tested
Mouse
Expected
Expected
Tested
Expected
Expected
Rat
Expected
Expected
Tested
Expected
Expected

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat, Mouse

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat, Mouse

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human, Rat, Mouse

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat, Mouse

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

ab199376 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat, Mouse

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Associated Products

Select an associated product type

10 products for Alternative Product

8 products for Alternative Version

Target data

Function

Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR) (PubMed:28575658). Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange (PubMed:26681308). Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and RAD51C and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3. Also involved in interstrand cross-link repair (PubMed:26253028).

Alternative names

DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1, HsRAD51, hRAD51, RAD51 homolog A, RAD51A, RAD51, RECA

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Rad51 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, IP, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human, Rat, Mouse samples. Cited in 3 publications.

Alternative names

DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1, HsRAD51, hRAD51, RAD51 homolog A, RAD51A, RAD51, RECA

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Carrier free

Yes

Clone number

EPR4030(3)

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Dissociation constant

9.2 x 10-11 M

Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

+4°C

Storage information

Do Not Freeze

Notes

ab221796 is the carrier-free version of Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534.

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. The carrier-free buffer and high concentration allow for increased conjugation efficiency.

This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

RAD51 also known as recombination protein A or Novus RAD51 is a DNA repair protein with a molecular mass of approximately 37 kDa. This protein plays a significant role in homologous recombination and is active in the repair of double-strand breaks in DNA. It is expressed in various tissues with high levels seen in rapidly dividing cells. RAD51 acts by forming nucleoprotein filaments on single-stranded DNA and facilitates the search for homology and strand pairing during the repair process.

Biological function summary

Processes involving RAD51 are essential for genomic stability and cellular response to DNA damage. RAD51 often functions as part of a repair complex along with other proteins such as BRCA2 and RPA. This complex binds and stabilizes single-stranded DNA during search and strand invasion which is vital for successful recombination repair. Such repair mechanisms are important for preventing chromosomal aberrations and maintaining genetic integrity.

Pathways

RAD51's activity fits into the broader context of DNA damage repair pathways notably the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. This pathway is important for repairing double-strand breaks utilizing other proteins such as ATM and ATR to signal repair processes. Furthermore RAD51 interacts with various members of the BRCA protein family combining efforts to ensure proper DNA damage response and repair.

Associated diseases and disorders

RAD51 mutations or dysregulation are linked to various types of cancer including breast and ovarian cancers. These cancers may involve mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which affect RAD51's ability to effectively perform homologous recombination. Additionally disruptions in RAD51 function are associated with Fanconi anemia a disorder characterized by DNA repair defects. This condition demonstrates the importance of RAD51's interaction with FA pathway proteins in maintaining genomic stability and preventing disease.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

11 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Immunohistochemistry (PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human colonic carcinoma tissue labelling with ab221796 at 0.54μg/mL. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100X Tris-EDTA Buffer, pH 9.0) ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9). A HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence analysis of Jurkat (human T cell leukemia cell line from peripheral blood) cells labelling Rad51 with purified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 at 1/1000. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077, an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1/1000) was used as the secondary antibody. DAPI (blue) was used as the nuclear counterstain. Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291, a mouse anti-tubulin (1/1000) and Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120, an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1/1000) were also used.

    Control 1: primary antibody (1/1000) and secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120, an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1/1000).

    Control 2: Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291 (1/1000) and secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077, an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1/1000).

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

  • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 (purified) at 1/100 immunoprecipitating Rad51 in HEK-293 (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney) whole cell lysate.

    Lane 1 (input): HEK-293 whole cell lysate (10µg)

    Lane 2 (+): Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 + HEK-293 whole cell lysate.

    Lane 3 (-): Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730) instead of Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 in HEK-293 whole cell lysate.

    For western blotting, a HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG, specific to the non-reduced form of IgG was used as the secondary antibody (1/1500).

    Blocking buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.

    Diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM /TBST.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

    All lanes: Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534)

    Predicted band size: 36 kDa

    Observed band size: 37 kDa

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human cervix carcinoma tissue labelling Rad51 with purified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 at 1/500. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051, a HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody (1/500). Negative control using PBS instead of primary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

  • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Intracellular Flow Cytometry analysis of HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells labelling Rad51 with purified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 at 1/350 (red). Cells were fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde. A FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1/500) was used as the secondary antibody. Black - Isotype control, rabbit monoclonal IgG. Blue - Unlabelled control, cells without incubation with primary and secondary antibodies.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Immunohistochemistry (PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human lung carcinoma tissue labelling with ab221796 at 0.54μg/mL. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Native Human Vitronectin/S-Protein (Biotin) ab92684 (Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9). A HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

  • Western blot - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    This data was developed using Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. Different batches of Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 were tested on HEK-293 (Human embryonic kidney epithelial cell) lysate at 2.1 µg/ml. 15 µg of lysate was loaded in each lane. Bands observed at 37 kDa.

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534)

    Predicted band size: 36 kDa

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human testis tissue labelling Rad51 with unpurified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 at a dilution of 1/100.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

    Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    Overlay histogram showing HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells stained with unpurified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 (red line). The cells were fixed with 80% methanol (5 minutes) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 minutes. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (unpurified Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534, 1/1000 dilution) for 30 minutes at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) at 1/2000 dilution for 30 minutes at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was rabbit IgG (monoclonal) (1 μg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Unlabeled sample (blue line) was also used as a control. Acquisition of >5,000 events were collected using a 20mW Argon ion laser (488nm) and 525/30 bandpass filter.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

  • OI-RD Scanning - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    OI-RD Scanning - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    We have systematically measured KD (the equilibrium dissociation constant between the antibody and its antigen), of more than 840 recombinant antibodies to assess not only their individual KD values but also to see the average affinity of antibody.
    Based on the comparison with published literature values for mouse monoclonal antibodies, Recombinant antibodies appear to be on average 1-2 order of magnitude higher affinity.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] - BSA and Azide free (ab221796)

    This data was produced using the same antibody clone but in a different formulation containing PBS, sodium azide, glycerol and BSA (Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534).

    Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded human testis labelling Rad51 with Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. The immunostaining was performed on a Ventana DISCOVERY ULTRA (Roche Tissue Diagnostics) instrument with a OptiView DAB IHC Detection Kit. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with DISCOVERY cell conditioning solution (CC1) 100°C, pH8.5 for 32mins.

    Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] ab133534 Anti-Rad51 antibody [EPR4030(3)] was incubated for 16mins at 37°C. Sections were counterstained with Hematoxylin II. Image inset shows absence of staining in secondary antibody only control.

    Customers are encouraged to optimise antigen retrieval conditions, antibody concentration, incubation times and temperature for best results in their own IHC assay workflow (automated and manual)

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