Anti-Reg3a antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Reg3a also known as regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha or PAP1 (pancreatitis-associated protein 1) is a C-type lectin with a molecular mass of approximately 19 kDa. This protein is primarily found in the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract where it plays a significant role in the mucosal immune response. Reg3a is secreted into the intestinal lumen indicating its importance in maintaining gut homeostasis and defending against pathogenic bacteria. Expression of Reg3a increases upon inflammatory stimuli suggesting a strong link between inflammation and its function.

Biological function summary

Reg3a acts as an antimicrobial peptide that targets bacterial cell walls specifically binding to peptidoglycans. This ability to bind and break down the cell wall helps in controlling bacterial populations within the gut therefore Reg3a becomes an innate defense component. It works independently and is not known to be part of a larger protein complex. Moreover Reg3a shows bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria contributing to the maintenance of a healthy gut flora.

Pathways

Reg3a functions prominently in the innate immune response and inflammatory pathways. The protein gets upregulated in response to cytokines like Interleukin-22 (IL-22) which helps Reg3a to exert its antimicrobial properties. Reg3a shares relatedness with proteins like Reg3g when considering their roles in the protection of intestinal epithelial barriers. These proteins work together to safeguard the gut lining by destroying harmful bacterial invaders therefore playing an important role in maintaining intestinal integrity.

Associated diseases and disorders

Reg3a has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Studies show altered expression levels of Reg3a in these disorders connecting its antimicrobial function with disease pathogenesis. Additionally Reg3a shows as a biomarker for pancreatic disorders such as chronic pancreatitis potentially due to changes in its expression during inflammatory episodes. Reg3a engages with inflammation-related proteins including Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) which may influence disease outcomes and progression.