Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) is a mouse monoclonal antibody that is used to detect RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS in Western Blot, Flow Cytometry (Intra), Flow Cytometry, IP, ICC/IF, ELISA, ChIP, Dot Blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse, Rat samples.
- Over 360 publications
- Trusted since 2003
pH: 7.5
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS
ChIP | Flow Cyt (Intra) | ELISA | Dot | WB | ICC/IF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Expected | Expected | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Expected | Expected | Expected | Expected | Tested | Expected |
Rat | Expected | Expected | Expected | Expected | Tested | Expected |
Arabidopsis thaliana | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Synthetic peptide - Human | Not recommended | Not recommended | Tested | Tested | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info 1-4 µg for 106 Cells | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg for 106 Cells | Notes ab170190 - Mouse monoclonal IgG1, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human, Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human, Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species Rat | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Arabidopsis thaliana | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide - Human | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Catalytic core component of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (By similarity) (PubMed:23748380, PubMed:27193682, PubMed:30190596, PubMed:9852112). Pol II-mediated transcription cycle proceeds through transcription initiation, transcription elongation and transcription termination stages. During transcription initiation, Pol II pre-initiation complex (PIC) is recruited to DNA promoters, with focused-type promoters containing either the initiator (Inr) element, or the TATA-box found in cell-type specific genes and dispersed-type promoters that often contain hypomethylated CpG islands usually found in housekeeping genes. Once the polymerase has escaped from the promoter it enters the elongation phase during which RNA is actively polymerized, based on complementarity with the template DNA strand. Transcription termination involves the release of the RNA transcript and polymerase from the DNA (By similarity) (PubMed:23748380, PubMed:27193682, PubMed:28108474, PubMed:30190596, PubMed:9852112). Forms Pol II active center together with the second largest subunit POLR2B/RPB2. Appends one nucleotide at a time to the 3' end of the nascent RNA, with POLR2A/RPB1 most likely contributing a Mg(2+)-coordinating DxDGD motif, and POLR2B/RPB2 participating in the coordination of a second Mg(2+) ion and providing lysine residues believed to facilitate Watson-Crick base pairing between the incoming nucleotide and template base. Typically, Mg(2+) ions direct a 5' nucleoside triphosphate to form a phosphodiester bond with the 3' hydroxyl of the preceding nucleotide of the nascent RNA, with the elimination of pyrophosphate. The reversible pyrophosphorolysis can occur at high pyrophosphate concentrations (By similarity) (PubMed:30190596, PubMed:8381534, PubMed:9852112). Can proofread the nascent RNA transcript by means of a 3' -> 5' exonuclease activity. If a ribonucleotide is mis-incorporated, backtracks along the template DNA and cleaves the phosphodiester bond releasing the mis-incorporated 5'-ribonucleotide (By similarity) (PubMed:8381534). Through its unique C-terminal domain (CTD, 52 heptapeptide tandem repeats) serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation and termination. CTD phosphorylation on Ser-5 mediates Pol II promoter escape, whereas phosphorylation on Ser-2 is required for Pol II pause release during transcription elongation and further pre-mRNA processing. Additionally, the regulation of gene expression levels depends on the balance between methylation and acetylation levels of the CTD-lysines. Initiation or early elongation steps of transcription of growth-factor-induced immediate early genes are regulated by the acetylation status of the CTD. Methylation and dimethylation have a repressive effect on target genes expression. Cooperates with mRNA splicing machinery in co-transcriptional 5'-end capping and co-transcriptional splicing of pre-mRNA (By similarity) (PubMed:24207025, PubMed:26124092). RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that catalyzes the extension of a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) at the 3'-end using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. An internal ncRNA sequence near the 3'-end serves as a template in a single-round Pol II-mediated RNA polymerization reaction. May decrease the stability of ncRNAs that repress Pol II-mediated gene transcription. (Microbial infection) Acts as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase when associated with small delta antigen of Hepatitis delta virus, acting both as a replicase and transcriptase for the viral RNA circular genome.
POLR2, POLR2A, DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1, RNA polymerase II subunit B1, 3'-5' exoribonuclease, DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit A, DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit, RNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1
Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) is a mouse monoclonal antibody that is used to detect RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS in Western Blot, Flow Cytometry (Intra), Flow Cytometry, IP, ICC/IF, ELISA, ChIP, Dot Blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse, Rat samples.
- Over 360 publications
- Trusted since 2003
pH: 7.5
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS
Want a custom formulation?
This antibody clone is manufactured by Abcam. If you require a custom buffer formulation or conjugation for your experiments, please contact orders@abcam.com
RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS also known as the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II is a critical component of the RNA polymerase II enzyme commonly referred to as pol II. This domain is characterized by the repetitive sequence YSPTSPS which plays a significant role in the regulation of transcription. The mass of RNA polymerase II including its CTD varies but is essential for its function in gene expression. RNA polymerase II with the CTD is expressed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells where it orchestrates the transcription of DNA into mRNA.
RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS is essential for the transcription progression from initiation to termination. It is part of the large RNA polymerase II complex interacting with various transcription factors and enzymes necessary for RNA processing. The phosphorylation state of the CTD particularly on serine residues regulates interactions with splicing machinery and other RNA processing factors. This modulation ensures the coupling between transcription and RNA processing events controlling mRNA synthesis and maturation.
RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS is important in the mRNA synthesis pathway specifically in transcriptional regulation and processing of nascent RNA transcripts. It interacts with proteins such as the transcription factors TFIIH and TFIIB which aid in promoter recognition and open complex formation. The CTD's dynamic phosphorylation pattern allows integration into multiple cellular pathways most importantly connecting transcription with RNA splicing and transport pathways.
Abnormal function or mutations in RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS associate with diseases such as transcription-related syndromes and certain cancers. Deficient CTD phosphorylation can lead to improper mRNA processing resulting in neural developmental disorders. Additionally its interaction with proteins like CDK7 which phosphorylates the CTD links it to tumors where transcriptional dysregulation is a hallmark. Understanding the CTD's role in these diseases provides insight into therapeutic targets and strategies for intervention.
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Blocking/Diluting Buffer and concentration
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate. Then the membrane was incubated with alkaline phosphatase at 10 µg
All lanes: HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG at 1/10000 dilution
Predicted band size: 217 kDa
Observed band size: 270 kDa
Chromatin was prepared from U-2 OS (human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cell line) cells according to the Abcam X-ChIP protocol. Cells were fixed with formaldehyde for 10 min. The ChIP was performed with 25 μg of chromatin, 2 μg of ab5408 (blue), and 20 μl of protein A/G sepharose beads. No antibody was added to the beads control (yellow). The immunoprecipitated DNA was quantified by real time PCR (Taqman approach). Primers and probes are located in the first kb of the transcribed region.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate (ab28419) at 10 µg
Lane 2: NIH 3T3 (Mouse) Whole Cell Lysate (ab52956) at 10 µg
Lane 3: PC12 (Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate (ab50957) at 10 µg
Lane 4: MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate (ab28419) Then the membrane was incubated with alkaline phosphatase at 10 µg
Lane 5: NIH 3T3 (Mouse) Whole Cell Lysate (ab52956) Then the membrane was incubated with alkaline phosphatase at 10 µg
Lane 6: PC12 (Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate (ab50957) Then the membrane was incubated with alkaline phosphatase at 10 µg
All lanes: HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG at 1/10000 dilution
Predicted band size: 217 kDa
Observed band size: 270 kDa
Exposure time: 8min
Blocking/Diluting Buffer and concentration 5% NFDM/TBST
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: NIH/3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblast), whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: NIH/3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblast), whole cell lysate. Then the membrane was incubated with alkaline phosphatase at 10 µg
All lanes: HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG at 1/10000 dilution
Predicted band size: 217 kDa
Observed band size: 270 kDa
7.5% SDS gel.
Blocked with 5% BSA for 1 hour at 25°C.
Incubated with the primary antibody for 3 hours at 25°C in 1X TBST buffer.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade (ab5408) at 1/800 dilution
Lane 1: HEK-293T (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney transformed with large T antigen) whole cell lysate at 30 µg
Lane 2: HEK293T transfected with Tat containing plasmid whole cell lysate at 30 µg
All lanes: HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG at 1/5000 dilution
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 217 kDa
Observed band size: 260 kDa
Exposure time: 30s
ELISA using ab5408 at varying antibody concentrations.
Curve_SPL4 indicates binding to RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS peptide - phospho S5 (Human RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) peptide ab18488).
Binding to the following peptides was much weaker: Curve_SPL5 RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS peptide - phospho S2 (S. cerevisiae RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S2) peptide ab12793), Curve_SPL6 RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS peptide (ab12795).
Dot blot analysis of RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) phospho peptide (Lane 1), RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho 2) phospho peptide (Lane 2) and RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS non-phospho peptide (Lane 3) labeling RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) phospho peptide with ab5408 at a dilution of 1/1000 dilution (1ug/ml). A HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG was used as the secondary antibody at a dilution of 1/10,000 dilution.
Blocking buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST. Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM /TBST .
Overlay histogram showing HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells stained with ab5408 (red line). The cells were fixed with 80% methanol (5 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab5408, 1μg/1x106 cells) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was goat anti-mouse DyLight® 488 (IgG H+L) (Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96879) at 1/500 dilution for 30 min at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was mouse IgG1 [ICIGG1] (Mouse IgG1, Kappa Monoclonal [B11/6] - Isotype Control ab91353, 2μg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >5,000 events was performed.
ab5408 staining RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) in HeLa cells. The cells were fixed with 100% methanol (5 min), permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100 for 5 minutes and then blocked with 1% BSA/10% normal goat serum/0.3M glycine in 0.1%PBS-Tween for 1h. The cells were then incubated overnight at 4°C with ab5408 at 1µg/ml and Anti-beta Tubulin antibody - Loading Control ab6046, Rabbit polyclonal to beta Tubulin - Loading Control. Cells were then incubated with Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150117, Goat polyclonal Secondary Antibody to Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed at 1/1000 dilution (shown in green) and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) ab150080, Goat polyclonal Secondary Antibody to Rabbit IgG - H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) at 1/1000 dilution (shown in pseudocolour magenta). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue). Also suitable in cells fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min).Image was acquired with a high-content analyser (Operetta CLS, Perkin Elmer) and a maximum intensity projection of confocal sections is shown.
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the publication
RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) western blot using anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S5) antibody [4H8] - ChIP Grade ab5408. Publication image and figure legend from DePaolo, J. S., Wang, Z., et al., 2016, Oncotarget, PubMed 27659526.
ab5408 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab5408 please see the product overview.
ARD1-dependent acetylation enhances AR transcriptional activity(A) Luciferase reporter assays in DU 145 cells co-transfected with PSA-Luc reporter with AR-WT, AR-618R, AR-618Q, or empty vector respectively. Results presented as mean of three replicates ± SD. (B and C) Differential binding of AR-WT, -618R, or -618Q to PSA and TMPRSS2 promoters by ChIP assays using anti-AR antibodies. Normalized relative densitometry was shown above. (D) Quantification of in vivo expression levels of mRNA for TMPRSS2 (AR positively-regulated) and UGT2B15 (AR negatively-regulated) in DU 145 cells stably expressing AR-WT, AR-618R, AR-618Q, or empty vector by qRT-PCR. Values represent the mean of triplicate experiments ± SD. (E) Immunoblot of co-immunoprecipitated RNA polymerase II by transiently-transfected AR-WT, AR-618R, or AR-618Q in DU 145 cells.
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