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AB222073

Anti-RNA polymerase II RPB4 antibody

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Rabbit Polyclonal RNA polymerase II RPB4 antibody. Suitable for ICC/IF and reacts with Human samples. Immunogen corresponding to Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human POLR2D aa 50 to C-terminus.

View Alternative Names

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4, RNA polymerase II subunit B4, DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit D, RNA polymerase II 16 kDa subunit, RPB16, POLR2D

1 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-RNA polymerase II RPB4 antibody (AB222073)
  • ICC/IF

Supplier Data

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-RNA polymerase II RPB4 antibody (AB222073)

PFA-fixed, Triton X-100 permeabilized HepG2 (human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) cells stained for RNA polymerase II RPB4 (green) using ab222073 at 4 μg/ml in ICC/IF.

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Polyclonal

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human

Applications

ICC/IF

applications

Immunogen

Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human POLR2D aa 50 to C-terminus. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

O15514

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "ICCIF" : {"fullname" : "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence", "shortname":"ICC/IF"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "0.25-2 µg/mL", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p>Fixation/Permeabilization: PFA/Triton X-100.</p>" }, "Mouse": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "predicted", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "" }, "Rat": { "ICCIF-species-checked": "predicted", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "" } } }
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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Immunogen
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine)
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

RNA polymerase II RPB4 also known by the alternate name POLR2D is a subunit of the larger RNA polymerase II enzyme complex. This enzyme plays a critical role in catalyzing the transcription of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) which is fundamental to protein synthesis. RPB4 is part of the core enzyme contributing to its stability and function. It has a molecular mass of approximately 25 kDa. This protein is widely expressed in eukaryotic cells particularly in the nucleus where transcription occurs.
Biological function summary

RNA polymerase II RPB4 functions as a component of the larger RNA polymerase II complex. It contributes to the regulation and initiation of mRNA synthesis. This subunit has essential roles in transcriptional regulation under stress conditions by stabilizing the RNA polymerase II complex. The interaction with co-factors and other transcription machinery highlights RPB4's involvement in adaptive responses of the cell.

Pathways

RNA polymerase II RPB4 integrates into essential transcription pathways such as the mRNA processing and the transcription initiation pathway. It cooperates with other subunits and factors like TFIIB and TFIIH to effectively facilitate the transcription process. These pathways determine the accurate transcription and downstream processes necessary for gene expression playing an interconnected role with other proteins like TAFs within the transcriptional machinery.

RNA polymerase II RPB4 is associated with several types of cancers as transcription regulation often becomes dysregulated in cancer cells. Disruptions in RPB4 expression or function can also relate to neurodegenerative disorders where transcriptional errors contribute to the disease pathology. Interaction of RPB4 with proteins like p53 may highlight its involvement in these conditions as p53 is a critical regulator of cell cycle and apoptosis often altered in cancerous states.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Core component of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. POLR2D/RPB4 is part of a subcomplex with POLR2G/RPB7 that binds to a pocket formed by POLR2A/RPB1, POLR2B/RPB2 and POLR2F/RPABC2 at the base of the clamp element. The POLR2D/RPB4-POLR2G/RPB7 subcomplex seems to lock the clamp via POLR2G/RPB7 in the closed conformation thus preventing double-stranded DNA to enter the active site cleft. The POLR2D/RPB4-POLR2G/RPB7 subcomplex binds single-stranded DNA and RNA.
See full target information POLR2D
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