Anti-RRN3 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The RRN3 protein also known as TIF-IA plays an important role in the initiation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. It weighs approximately 70 kDa and is present mainly in the nucleolus of cells where ribosome production takes place. RRN3 functions as a transcription factor and interacts with RNA polymerase I facilitating the transcription of rRNA genes. It is an essential player in cellular growth and proliferation due to its role in ribosome biogenesis which is a fundamental process in all active eukaryotic cells.

Biological function summary

RRN3 is involved in the regulation of ribosome production. It acts as a mediator between the RNA polymerase I complex and the transcription machinery ensuring accurate transcription initiation of rRNA. This interaction forms part of a larger complex that includes the upstream binding factor (UBF) which stabilizes the pre-initiation complex promoting efficient rRNA transcription. RRN3 is important for the maintenance of cellular metabolic activity and overall protein synthesis levels.

Pathways

RRN3 is integral to nutrient signaling and cell growth regulation. It participates in the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway which controls cell growth and proliferation in response to nutrient availability. RRN3 interacts with mTORC1 to link nutrient signals to ribosome production modulating cellular growth rates. Furthermore RRN3 is associated with the ribosomal biogenesis stress response pathway engaging proteins such as S6 kinase which is activated under conditions requiring increased protein synthesis.

Associated diseases and disorders

RRN3 is connected to cancer and ribosomopathies. Overexpression of RRN3 has been observed in various cancers suggesting its role in uncontrolled cell proliferation characteristic of tumor growth. Cancerous cells frequently have increased ribosome biogenesis to support rapid cell division with RRN3 serving as a critical factor in this process. Additionally disruptions in RRN3 function can affect ribosomopathies disorders caused by defects in ribosome production. Interactions with proteins like MDM2 which regulates the tumor suppressor protein p53 highlight the involvement of RRN3 in these diseases further emphasizing its importance in cellular regulation and disease onset.