Rabbit Polyclonal S100A9 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 13 publications.
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- Frontiers in immunology 14:12731822023Epidermal keratinocyte-specific STAT3 deficiency aggravated atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice through TSLP upregulation.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesZhao-Yuan Wang,Yu-Xin Zheng,Fan Xu,Ying-Zhe Cui,Xue-Yan Chen,Si-Qi Chen,Bing-Xi Yan,Yuan Zhou,Min Zheng,Xiao-Yong ManPubMed 38053996
- Cells 11:2022S100A8-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis in Macrophages Facilitates Liver Fibrosis Progression.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesYan Liu,Xuehua Kong,Yan You,Linwei Xiang,Yan Zhang,Rui Wu,Lan Zhou,Liang DuanPubMed 36429008
- Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 238:236-24320213D-SeboSkin Model for Human ex vivo Studies of Hidradenitis Suppurativa/Acne Inversa.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesXiaoxiao Hou,Amir M Hossini,Georgios Nikolakis,Ottfried Balthasar,Andreas Kurtz,Christos C ZouboulisPubMed 34077928
- Frontiers in immunology 11:6006352021Dual Role of Hepatic Macrophages in the Establishment of the Metacestode in Mice.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHui Wang,Chuan-Shan Zhang,Bin-Bin Fang,Jiao Hou,Wen-Ding Li,Zhi-De Li,Liang Li,Xiao-Juan Bi,Liang Li,Abuduaini Abulizi,Ying-Mei Shao,Ren-Yong Lin,Hao WenPubMed 33488594
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 34:846-8612020Alterations in innate immunity and epithelial cell differentiation are the molecular pillars of hidradenitis suppurativa.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesC C Zouboulis,A Nogueira da Costa,E Makrantonaki,X X Hou,D Almansouri,J T Dudley,H Edwards,B Readhead,O Balthasar,G B E Jemec,N G Bonitsis,G Nikolakis,D Trebing,K C Zouboulis,A M HossiniPubMed 31838778
- Frontiers in pharmacology 10:6402019Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Approach Characterizes the Dual Functionality of miR-328 in Monocytes.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesMeike J Saul,Anett B Hegewald,Anne C Emmerich,Elena Ossipova,Marc Vogel,Isabell Baumann,Kim Kultima,Johan Lengqivst,Dieter Steinhilber,Per Johan JakobssonPubMed 31231226
- Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology 7:371-3902019The CCR2 Macrophage Subset Promotes Pathogenic Angiogenesis for Tumor Vascularization in Fibrotic Livers.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesMatthias Bartneck,Peter L Schrammen,Diana Möckel,Olivier Govaere,Anke Liepelt,Oliver Krenkel,Can Ergen,Misti Vanette McCain,Dirk Eulberg,Tom Luedde,Christian Trautwein,Fabian Kiessling,Helen Reeves,Twan Lammers,Frank TackePubMed 30704985
- Metallomics : integrated biometal science 10:1728-17422018Antimicrobial action of calprotectin that does not involve metal withholding.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAngelique N Besold,Edward M Culbertson,Lily Nam,Ryan P Hobbs,Alisa Boyko,C Noel Maxwell,Walter J Chazin,Adriana R Marques,Valeria C CulottaPubMed 30206620
- Bone marrow research 2018:57429542018BET Inhibition Suppresses S100A8 and S100A9 Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Synergises with Daunorubicin in Causing Cell Death.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHelen J S Stewart et. al.PubMed 29955397
- Journal of translational medicine 16:832018Association between serum S100A9 levels and liver necroinflammation in chronic hepatitis B.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesRui Wu et. al.PubMed 29615081
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
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Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | WB | ICC/IF | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Tested | Tested | Tested |
| Mouse | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Chimpanzee | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 0.1 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Chimpanzee | Dilution info - | Notes - |
WB
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Chimpanzee | Dilution info - | Notes - |
ICC/IF
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 5 µg/mL | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Chimpanzee | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Target data
Function
S100A9 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response (PubMed:12626582, PubMed:15331440, PubMed:16258195, PubMed:19122197, PubMed:20103766, PubMed:21325622, PubMed:8423249). It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion, can increase the bactericidal activity of neutrophils by promoting phagocytosis via activation of SYK, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 and can induce degranulation of neutrophils by a MAPK-dependent mechanism (PubMed:12626582, PubMed:15331440, PubMed:20103766). Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions (PubMed:16258195, PubMed:19122197, PubMed:8423249). The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase (PubMed:15331440, PubMed:21325622). Participates also in regulatory T-cell differentiation together with CD69 (PubMed:26296369). Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX (PubMed:15642721, PubMed:22808130). The extracellular functions involve pro-inflammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities (PubMed:19534726, PubMed:8423249). Its pro-inflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration (PubMed:15598812, PubMed:21487906). Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER) (PubMed:19402754). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the pro-inflammatory cascade (PubMed:19402754, PubMed:22804476). Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth (PubMed:19087201). Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3 (PubMed:19935772). Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK (PubMed:22363402). Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants (PubMed:21912088, PubMed:22489132). Can act as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread (PubMed:16258195). Has transnitrosylase activity; in oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox))-induced S-nitrosylation of GAPDH on 'Cys-247' proposed to transfer the NO moiety from NOS2/iNOS to GAPDH via its own S-nitrosylated Cys-3 (PubMed:25417112). The iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex is proposed to also direct selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of multiple targets such as ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM by recognizing a [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif (PubMed:25417112).
Alternative names
CAGB, CFAG, MRP14, S100A9, Protein S100-A9, Calgranulin-B, Calprotectin L1H subunit, Leukocyte L1 complex heavy chain, Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14, S100 calcium-binding protein A9, MRP-14, p14
Recommended products
Rabbit Polyclonal S100A9 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 13 publications.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Immunogen
- Specificity
Replenishment batches of our polyclonal antibody, ab63818 are tested in IHC-P. Previous batches were additionally validated in ICC/IF and WB. These applications are still expected to work and are covered by our Abpromise guarantee. You may also be interested in our alternative recombinant antibody, ab92507.
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage duration
- 1-2 weeks
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
Abcam is leading the way to address reproducibility in scientific research with our highly validated recombinant monoclonal and recombinant multiclonal antibodies. Search & select one of Abcam's thousands of recombinant alternatives to eliminate batch-variability and unnecessary animal use.
If you do not find a host species to meet your needs, our catalogue and custom Chimeric range provides scientists the specificity of Abcam's RabMAbs in the species backbone of your choice. Remember to also review our range of edited cell lines, proteins and biochemicals relevant to your target that may help you further your research goals.
Abcam antibodies are extensively validated in a wide range of species and applications, so please check the reagent specifications meet your scientific needs before purchasing. If you have any questions or bespoke requirements, simply visit the Contact Us page to send us an inquiry or contact our Support Team ahead of purchase.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
S100A9 also known as calgranulin B or MRP-14 is a calcium-binding protein with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa. It belongs to the S100 family and forms part of a heterodimeric complex with S100A8. S100A9 is largely found in myeloid cells such as neutrophils and monocytes. It plays a significant role in the cytosol and can be secreted to the extracellular space under specific stress conditions.
- Biological function summary
S100A9 impacts inflammatory responses and immune regulation. It partners with S100A8 to form the calprotectin complex which acts as a strong pro-inflammatory mediator. This complex binds to receptors like RAGE and TLR4 initiating signaling pathways that promote inflammation. S100A9 also participates in leukocyte recruitment and has antimicrobial properties blocking the growth of bacteria and fungi by chelating essential metal ions.
- Pathways
Several are influenced by S100A9 including the NF-kB and MAPK signaling pathways. Through its interaction with RAGE and TLR4 receptors S100A9 influences the activation of these pathways which are important in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Other proteins involved in these pathways include MyD88 for TLR4 signaling and various kinases for MAPK signaling positioning S100A9 as an important regulator within the inflammatory networks.
- Associated diseases and disorders
S100A9 links to various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Increased levels of S100A9 have been observed in these conditions where it augments the inflammatory response. In rheumatoid arthritis for example S100A9 upregulation correlates with increased joint inflammation and damage. The protein’s interaction with S100A8 in these diseases highlights its contribution to the pathogenesis and progression of inflammation-related conditions.
Product promise
Tested
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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6 product images
This image is courtosy of an abnonymous customer review.Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
NBF-fixed mouse spleen tissue section stained for S100A9 using ab63818 at 1/5000 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis. heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 was performed before commencing with the IHC protocol. Goat anti-Rb IgG Alexa Fluor® 647 was used as the secondary antibody at 1/600 dilution.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
IHC image of S100A9 staining in Human Tonsil formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue section, performed on a Leica Bond™ system using the standard protocol F. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH6, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20 mins. The section was then incubated with ab63818, 0.1 μg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.
Western blot - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818) at 1 µg/mL
Lane 1: Human lymph node tissue lysate - total protein (ab29871) at 10 µg
Lane 2: Human thymus tissue lysate - total protein (ab30146) at 10 µg
Lane 3: Human spleen tissue lysate - total protein (ab29699) at 10 µg
Lane 4: Lung (Human) Tissue Lysate at 10 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Goat polyclonal to Rabbit IgG - H&L - Pre-Adsorbed (HRP) at 1/3000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 13 kDa
Observed band size: 13 kDa
Exposure time: 5min
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
ICC/IF image of ab63818 stained MCF7 cells. The cells were 100% methanol fixed (5 min) and then incubated in 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h to permeabilise the cells and block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The cells were then incubated with the antibody (ab63818, 5µg/ml) overnight at +4°C. The secondary antibody (green) was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/1000 dilution for 1h. Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red) at a 1/200 dilution for 1h. DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue) at a concentration of 1.43µM. This antibody also gave a positive result in 100% methanol fixed (5 min) HeLa, HepG2 and Hek293 cells at 5µg/ml, and in 4% PFA fixed (10 min) HeLa, HepG2, Hek293 and MCF7 cells at 5µg/ml.
Western blot - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818) at 1 µg/mL
All lanes: Western blot - Recombinant Human S100A9 protein (Recombinant Human S100A9 protein ab95909) at 0.01 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed ab97080) at 1/5000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 13 kDa
Observed band size: 15 kDa
Exposure time: 1min
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the publication
Western blot - Anti-S100A9 antibody (ab63818)
S100A9 western blot using anti-S100A9 antibody ab63818. Publication image and figure legend from Saul, M. J., Hegewald, A. B., et al., 2019, Front Pharmacol, PubMed 31231226.
ab63818 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab63818 please see the product overview.
Validation of proteomics results using Western blot analysis of A) HMGB1, B) S100A9, C) NOX2, D) TLR2, and E) p53 in differentiated MM6 cells with and without knockdown of miR-328 (ΔmiR-328). β-Actin was used as the loading control. The relative changes in ΔmiR-328 samples to control were set as 1 and given as mean + SEM of three independent experiments, except S100A9 expression was analyzed in soluble fraction in four independent experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
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