Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) is a rabbit polyclonal antibody detecting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein in Western Blot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, ELISA. Suitable for SARS-CoV-2.
- Over 40 publications
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- Nature microbiology 8:1820-18332023Host range, transmissibility and antigenicity of a pangolin coronavirus.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesYixuan J Hou,Shiho Chiba,Sarah R Leist,Rita M Meganck,David R Martinez,Alexandra Schäfer,Nicholas J Catanzaro,Vishwaraj Sontake,Ande West,Catlin E Edwards,Boyd Yount,Rhianna E Lee,Samuel C Gallant,Seth J Zost,John Powers,Lily Adams,Edgar F Kong,Melissa Mattocks,Aleksandra Tata,Scott H Randell,Purushothama R Tata,Peter Halfmann,James E Crowe,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Ralph S BaricPubMed 37749254
- Cureus 15:e372602023Modified Banff Criteria in Assessing SARS-CoV-2-Associated Renal Pathology: An Autopsy Study.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHristo Popov,George S Stoyanov,Lilyana PetkovaPubMed 37168215
- Nature microbiology 8:679-6942023SARS-CoV-2 restructures host chromatin architecture.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesRuoyu Wang,Joo-Hyung Lee,Jieun Kim,Feng Xiong,Lana Al Hasani,Yuqiang Shi,Erin N Simpson,Xiaoyu Zhu,Yi-Ting Chen,Pooja Shivshankar,Joanna Krakowiak,Yanyu Wang,David M Gilbert,Xiaoyi Yuan,Holger K Eltzschig,Wenbo LiPubMed 36959507
- Free neuropathology 4:2023Golgi localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and interaction with furin in cerebral COVID-19 microangiopathy: a clue to the central nervous system involvement?Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesSusana Boluda,Karima Mokhtari,Bruno Mégarbane,Djillali Annane,Bertrand Mathon,Albert Cao,Clovis Adam,Alexandre Androuin,Franck Bielle,Guy Brochier,Frédéric Charlotte,Lydia Chougar,Khalid Hamid El Hachimi,Marc Eloit,Stéphane Haïk,Dominique Hervé,Amal Kasri,Valentin Leducq,Stéphane Lehéricy,Etienne Levavasseur,Christian Lobsiger,Geoffroy Lorin de La Grandmaison,Isabelle Malet,Isabelle Malissin,Stéphane Marot,Serge Marty,Philippe Pérot,Isabelle Plu,Annick Prigent,Lev Stimmer,Marie-Claude Potier,Anne-Geneviève Marcelin,Benoît Delatour,Charles Duyckaerts,Danielle SeilheanPubMed 37283933
- Cell death & disease 14:752023SARS-CoV-2 infection induces persistent adipose tissue damage in aged golden Syrian hamsters.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesGemma Bogard,Johanna Barthelemy,Aline Hantute-Ghesquier,Valentin Sencio,Patricia Brito-Rodrigues,Karin Séron,Cyril Robil,Anne Flourens,Florence Pinet,Delphine Eberlé,François Trottein,Martine Duterque-Coquillaud,Isabelle WolowczukPubMed 36725844
- Antiviral research 209:1054752022Inhibition of p38 signaling curtails the SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammatory response but retains the IFN-dependent antiviral defense of the lung epithelial barrier.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAileen Faist,Sebastian Schloer,Angeles Mecate-Zambrano,Josua Janowski,André Schreiber,Yvonne Boergeling,Beate C G Conrad,Sriram Kumar,Leonie Toebben,Klaus Schughart,Morris Baumgardt,Mirjana Kessler,Katja Hoenzke,Andreas Hocke,Marcel Trautmann,Wolfgang Hartmann,Hiroki Kato,Ursula Rescher,Anmari Christersson,Joachim Kuehn,Alexander Mellmann,Thorsten Wolff,Philip Kuempers,Alexandros Rovas,Rainer Wiewrodt,Karsten Wiebe,Peter Barth,Stephan Ludwig,Linda BrunottePubMed 36423831
- International journal of molecular sciences 23:2022N-acetylcysteine Reduces Inflammasome Activation Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Proteins In Vitro.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJavier Milara,Fernando Martínez-Expósito,Paula Montero,Inés Roger,Maria Amparo Bayarri,Pilar Ribera,Miriam Natsuki Oishi-Konari,Jose Ramón Alba-García,Enrique Zapater,Julio CortijoPubMed 36498845
- Frontiers in immunology 13:10232552022Non-replicative antibiotic resistance-free DNA vaccine encoding S and N proteins induces full protection in mice against SARS-CoV-2.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesPedro J Alcolea,Jaime Larraga,Daniel Rodríguez-Martín,Ana Alonso,Francisco J Loayza,José M Rojas,Silvia Ruiz-García,Andrés Louloudes-Lázaro,Ana B Carlón,Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón,Pablo Nogales-Altozano,Natalia Redondo,Miguel Manzano,Daniel Lozano,Jesús Palomero,María Montoya,María Vallet-Regí,Verónica Martín,Noemí Sevilla,Vicente LarragaPubMed 36439169
- Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 79:5822022Induction of pulmonary HLA-G expression by SARS-CoV-2 infection.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesBarbara Seliger,Simon Jasinski-Bergner,Chiara Massa,Anja Mueller,Katharina Biehl,Bo Yang,Michael Bachmann,Danny Jonigk,Philip Eichhorn,Arndt Hartmann,Claudia Wickenhauser,Marcus BauerPubMed 36334153
- Nature communications 13:61002022Essential role of TMPRSS2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection in murine airways.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesNaoko Iwata-Yoshikawa,Masatoshi Kakizaki,Nozomi Shiwa-Sudo,Takashi Okura,Maino Tahara,Shuetsu Fukushi,Ken Maeda,Miyuki Kawase,Hideki Asanuma,Yuriko Tomita,Ikuyo Takayama,Shutoku Matsuyama,Kazuya Shirato,Tadaki Suzuki,Noriyo Nagata,Makoto TakedaPubMed 36243815
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.2
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
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Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | ICC/IF | ELISA | WB | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV-2 | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species SARS-CoV-2 | Dilution info 0.2 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
ICC/IF
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species SARS-CoV-2 | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
ELISA
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species SARS-CoV-2 | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
WB
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species SARS-CoV-2 | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
Associated Products
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Target data
Function
Spike protein S1. Attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection. The major receptor is host ACE2 (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32155444, PubMed:33607086). When S2/S2' has been cleaved, binding to the receptor triggers direct fusion at the cell membrane (PubMed:34561887). When S2/S2' has not been cleaved, binding to the receptor results in internalization of the virus by endocytosis leading to fusion of the virion membrane with the host endosomal membrane (PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32221306). Alternatively, may use NRP1/NRP2 (PubMed:33082294, PubMed:33082293) and integrin as entry receptors (PubMed:35150743). The use of NRP1/NRP2 receptors may explain the tropism of the virus in human olfactory epithelial cells, which express these molecules at high levels but ACE2 at low levels (PubMed:33082293). The stalk domain of S contains three hinges, giving the head unexpected orientational freedom (PubMed:32817270). Spike protein S2. Precursor of the fusion protein processed in the biosynthesis of the S protein and the formation of virus particle. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains two viral fusion peptides that are unmasked after cleavage. The S2/S2' cleavage occurs during virus entry at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 (PubMed:32142651) or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change leading to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed:34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Spike protein S2'. Subunit of the fusion protein that is processed upon entry into the host cell. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains a viral fusion peptide that is unmasked after S2 cleavage. This cleavage can occur at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change that leads to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed:34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.
Alternative names
2, S, Spike glycoprotein, S glycoprotein, E2, Peplomer protein
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) is a rabbit polyclonal antibody detecting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein in Western Blot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, ELISA. Suitable for SARS-CoV-2.
- Over 40 publications
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.2
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Immunogen
- Specificity
The immunogen for ab272504 is within the last 50 aa of the spike protein - a peptide corresponding to 20 amino acids near the carboxy terminus of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike glycoprotein. The Extracellular domain (ECD) is from aa 1 to 1208 (full length 1273aa). Therefore, this antibody detects the transmembrane and cytoplasm domains at the C terminus, but does not detect the ECD (which is the region expressed in many commercially available spike proteins). ab272504 can be used for the detection of full length spike protein and spike protein in COVID-19 patient samples. It will detect 4 ng of free peptide at 1 μg/mL.
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- +4°C
Notes
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) is a rabbit polyclonal antibody and is validated for use in ELISA, ICC/IF, IHC-P and WB.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) was first used in a scientific publication in 2020 and has been cited over 48 times in peer reviewed journals. It's performance in IHC in human and mouse samples is trusted by the scientific community.
Abcam's high quality validation processes ensure Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) has high sensitivity and specificity.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) has 5 independent reviews from customers.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) specifically detects SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein (UniProt ID: P0DTC2; Molecular weight: 140kDa) and is sold in 100 ug selling sizes.
Reagent has more than 76 citations. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein antibody is essential for detecting and studying the spike protein, aiding in COVID-19 research, vaccine development and therapeutic studies
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein also known as the COVID spike protein is an important component of the virus responsible for COVID-19. This protein has a molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa and is found on the surface of the virus. It facilitates viral entry into host cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The spike protein consists of two subunits S1 and S2 where S1 contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD) responsible for engaging with ACE2 while S2 mediates viral and host membrane fusion.
- Biological function summary
The spike protein serves as a primary target for the host immune response. It is part of the viral envelope complex essential for the virus's infectivity. The spike protein undergoes structural changes during host cell entry transitioning from a prefusion to a postfusion conformation. This ability to change structure is important for facilitating membrane fusion. Anti-spike antibodies such as those found in convalescent plasma and generated by vaccines target this protein aiming to neutralize the virus and prevent infection.
- Pathways
The spike glycoprotein is integral to the viral infection and replication process. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway plays a significant role as ACE2 a critical component is the entry point for the virus. The spike protein's interaction with ACE2 disrupts the RAS balance leading to potential downstream effects. Additionally the spike protein's role in membrane fusion links it to the endosomal sorting complex pathways necessary for the trafficking of viral particles within host cells.
- Associated diseases and disorders
The spike protein's association with COVID-19 makes it central in understanding disease progression and potential complications. Its interaction with ACE2 is not only significant for viral entry but also links to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) as both viruses exploit this receptor for entry. Moreover the association with inflammatory-related pathways indicates the spike protein's potential in driving cytokine storms which are severe immune responses contributing to the disease’s morbidity. Anti-spike antibodies and therapies are designed to mitigate these effects emphasizing the protein's importance in therapeutic strategies.
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Tested
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We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
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6 product images
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 antibody (ab272504, 0.5 μg/mL). Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde and blocked with 10% serum for 1 hour at room temperature; antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a citrate buffer (pH6). Samples were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. A goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) at 1/250 was used as secondary. Counter stained with Hematoxylin. Strong spike protein signal was observed in macrophages and airway epithelium of COVID-19 patient lung but not in non-COVID-19 patient lung.
Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
Primary incubation for 1 hour at room temperature.
Blocking and dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504) at 1 µg/mL
Lane 1: Wild-type HEK-293 cell lysate at 15 µg
Lane 2: HEK-293 overexpressing SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, cell lysate at 15 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP conjugate at 1/10000 dilution
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 antibody (ab272504, 0.5 μg/mL). Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde and blocked with 10% serum for 1 hour at room temperature; antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a citrate buffer (pH6). Samples were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. A goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) at 1/250 was used as secondary. Counter stained with Hematoxylin. Strong spike protein signal was observed in macrophages of COVID-19 patient lung.
ELISA - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
A direct ELISA was performed using antigen or control peptide as coating antigen and ab272504 as the capture antibody at 1 μg/ml, followed by the secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP conjugate at 1/20000 dilution. Detection range was from 0.5 ng/ml to 1000 ng/ml.
This image is courtesy of an anonymous customer reviewImmunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
Immunohistochemistry analysis (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) of Covid-19 positive lung, autopsy sample tissue. Stained with ab272504 at 1/200 dilution. Blocking was done with Nanostring Buffer W for 1 hour at 25°C. The sample was incubated with the primary antibody and Nanostring Buffer W at 12µg/ml for 12 hours at 4°C. Antigen retrieval method was heat mediated, Citrate Buffer pH 6.0.
This image is courtesy of an anonymous customer reviewImmunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibody - Coronavirus (ab272504)
Immunohistochemistry analysis (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) of paraformaldehyde fixed human Skin (Covid-19 positive, autopsy sample) tissue. Stained with ab272504 at 1/200 dilution. Secondary antibody used was HRP Novolink Max Polymer Detection System. Blocking was done with 10% milk for 30 minutes at 21°C. The sample was incubated with the primary antibody and 1% BSA for 12 hours at 4°C. Antigen retrieval method was heat mediated, Dako Retrieval Solution (S1699).
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