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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal SPIKE antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for Dot, ELISA, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt and reacts with SARS-CoV-2 samples.

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Images

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] - BSA and Azide free (AB283943), expandable thumbnail
  • Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] - BSA and Azide free (AB283943), expandable thumbnail
  • ELISA - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] - BSA and Azide free (AB283943), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] - BSA and Azide free (AB283943), expandable thumbnail
  • Flow Cytometry - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] - BSA and Azide free (AB283943), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Host species

Rabbit

Storage buffer

Constituents: 100% PBS

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
DotELISAWBICC/IFFlow Cyt
SARS-CoV-2
Tested
Tested
Tested
Tested
Tested

Tested
Tested

Species

SARS-CoV-2

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

SARS-CoV-2

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

SARS-CoV-2

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

SARS-CoV-2

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

SARS-CoV-2

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Target data

Function

Spike protein S1Attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection. The major receptor is host ACE2 (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:33607086, PubMed:32155444). When S2/S2' has been cleaved, binding to the receptor triggers direct fusion at the cell membrane (PubMed:34561887). When S2/S2' has not been cleaved, binding to the receptor results in internalization of the virus by endocytosis leading to fusion of the virion membrane with the host endosomal membrane (PubMed:32221306, PubMed:32075877). Alternatively, may use NRP1/NRP2 (PubMed:33082294, PubMed:33082293) and integrin as entry receptors (PubMed:35150743). The use of NRP1/NRP2 receptors may explain the tropism of the virus in human olfactory epithelial cells, which express these molecules at high levels but ACE2 at low levels (PubMed:33082293). The stalk domain of S contains three hinges, giving the head unexpected orientational freedom (PubMed:32817270).Spike protein S2Precursor of the fusion protein processed in the biosynthesis of the S protein and the formation of virus particle. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains two viral fusion peptides that are unmasked after cleavage. The S2/S2' cleavage occurs during virus entry at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 (PubMed:32142651) or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change leading to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed:34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.Spike protein S2'Subunit of the fusion protein that is processed upon entry into the host cell. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains a viral fusion peptide that is unmasked after S2 cleavage. This cleavage can occur at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change that leads to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed:34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.

Targets

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1

Alternative names

Spike glycoprotein, S glycoprotein, E2, Peplomer protein, S, 2

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal SPIKE antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for Dot, ELISA, WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt and reacts with SARS-CoV-2 samples.

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Carrier free

Yes

Clone number

EPR24852-116

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Specificity

Our data (not shown) suggests this RabMAb is interacting with the non-receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 with a higher affinity (~ 71x ) than the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1.
This antibody cross-reacts with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant spike protein.

Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

+4°C

Notes

ab283943 is the carrier-free version of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 antibody [EPR24852-116] ab283942

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. The carrier-free buffer and high concentration allow for increased conjugation efficiency.

This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 also known as the G10 spike or glycoprotein spike plays an important role in allowing the virus to attach and enter host cells. This protein with a mass of approximately 180 kDa is located on the surface of the virus and forms the outer spikes observed in coronaviruses. Expression of the spike glycoprotein is in virus-infected cells where it facilitates the interaction with host cell receptors. The S1 subunit includes a receptor-binding domain that specifically binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors initiating the infection process.

Biological function summary

The spike glycoprotein S1 mediates the fusion of the viral and cellular membranes which is necessary for viral entry. It forms part of a larger trimeric complex comprising S1 and S2 subunits. This complex undergoes conformational changes that drive the membrane fusion process. The glycoprotein contains multiple glycosylation sites which help shield the virus from the host immune response. The proper function and presentation of this glycoprotein are critical for efficient viral spread and infection establishment.

Pathways

The spike glycoprotein S1 is integral to the viral infection pathway and host immune evasion. It interacts with the renin-angiotensin system by binding to the ACE2 receptor disrupting normal receptor activity. This interaction not only facilitates viral entry but also impacts the homeostatic functions typically mediated by ACE2 which include blood pressure regulation. Additionally the spike protein is involved in downstream activation of immune signaling pathways including those related to inflammation and cytokine production which may involve proteins such as IL-6.

Associated diseases and disorders

Infection with the spike glycoprotein S1 is directly related to COVID-19. The binding to ACE2 receptors is linked to the pathology of the disease contributing to respiratory symptoms and in severe cases acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Through the IL-6 signaling pathway the spike protein is indirectly connected to cytokine release syndrome often observed in severe COVID-19 cases. This connection highlights the importance of targeting this glycoprotein for potential therapeutic interventions and diagnostics such as ELISA SARS-CoV-2 tests and the development of anti-spike antibodies available on platforms like antispark.com for research and clinical purposes.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

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