Anti-Sclerostin antibody [RM0129-4D77]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Sclerostin also known as SOST is a glycoprotein weighing approximately 22 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in osteocytes the most abundant cells found in bone. Sclerostin is an extracellular molecule that plays a role in bone metabolism by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway which is important for bone formation. This protein acts as a negative regulator of bone growth by binding to the LRP5/6 receptors. Inhibitors such as 'anti-sclerostin' antibodies have been developed to block its function and promote bone formation.

Biological function summary

Sclerostin inhibits osteoblastic activity and formation by interfering with bone morphogenetic proteins. It doesn’t form part of a large protein complex but interacts directly with cell surface receptors. Its expression decreases in response to mechanical loading on bones which is an important part of regulating bone density and remodeling. By controlling osteoblast function sclerostin contributes to skeletal homeostasis an essential process for maintaining bone strength and integrity.

Pathways

Several mechanisms regulate sclerostin activity. In the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway it serves as an important checkpoint that ensures controlled bone formation. Sclerostin acts by preventing the activation of LRP5/6 receptors pivotal components in this pathway. Additionally it shares a regulatory network with dickkopf-1 (DKK1) another Wnt inhibitor both of which have an influence on bone metabolism and development.

Associated diseases and disorders

Two primary conditions associated with sclerostin are osteoporosis and sclerosteosis. Osteoporosis arises from excessive inhibition of bone formation and is characterized by fragile bones due to decreased bone mass. On the other hand sclerosteosis results from mutations in the SOST gene leading to excessive bone growth. Sclerostin's interaction with proteins like DKK1 clarifies its role in bone density management and highlights its relevance in therapeutic strategies targeting these conditions.