Anti-SGSH/HSS antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The SGSH protein also known as N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase or HSS is a lysosomal enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 56 kDa. It is primarily expressed in tissues with high turnover of glycosaminoglycans especially in the liver and brain. This enzyme localizes inside the lysosomes and plays a significant role in the degradation process of heparan sulfate. SGSH expression is important for maintaining normal cell function particularly in tissues that require constant renewal of extracellular matrix components.

Biological function summary

The enzyme acts to cleave sulfate groups from N-sulfated glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate being an important component of the degradation pathway of glycosaminoglycan. SGSH works within a lysosomal degradation complex alongside other enzymes such as iduronate-2-sulfatase and heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase each responsible for different steps in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates. Together they facilitate the complete degradation of heparan sulfate into its basic monosaccharide components.

Pathways

SGSH is integral to lysosomal degradation pathways functioning alongside proteins like alpha-L-iduronidase in the catabolic process of heparan sulfate. This breakdown pathway is essential for recycling cellular components and maintaining cellular homeostasis. The efficiencies and deficiencies in these pathways influence cellular functionality and have regulatory roles in broader metabolic circuits.

Associated diseases and disorders

Mutations in the SGSH gene lead to Sanfilippo syndrome type IIIA also known as mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA. This genetic disorder impairs the degradation of heparan sulfate causing an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in cells leading to neurodegenerative conditions. In Sanfilippo syndrome type IIIA the SGSH deficiency has connections with related lysosomal storage disorders involving proteins like alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase which further illustrate the importance of coordinated lysosomal activities.