Anti-SNAP91 antibody [HL1657]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

AP180 also known as AP3K is a protein with a mass of about 90 kDa that has essential roles in endocytosis and synaptic vesicle recycling. This protein is expressed in the nervous system particularly in the brain. AP180 regulates clathrin-coated vesicle formation by facilitating the assembly of clathrin coats on vesicles. It interacts with clathrin through a specific domain ensuring that vesicles have the necessary structural components to capture and transport neurotransmitters effectively.

Biological function summary

AP180 ensures proper functioning of synaptic transmission by assisting in the regulation of vesicle trafficking. It forms part of a complex required for vesicle budding from the plasma membrane. AP180's ability to bind clathrin with high specificity and affinity makes it indispensable for maintaining the vesicular system's integrity. The protein participates in assembling clathrin lattices which are fundamental for creating adequately-sized synaptic vesicles critical for efficient neurotransmission.

Pathways

AP180 integrates into the synaptic vesicle cycle and endocytic pathway thereby influencing neural communication. In the context of the synaptic vesicle cycle AP180 works closely with proteins like synaptotagmin and synaptophysin for efficient neurotransmitter release and recycling. It also interacts within the endocytic pathway to regulate membrane retrieval an action important in synapses where neurotransmitter availability depends on this fast recycling process. These interactions highlight AP180's central role in maintaining synaptic function and stability.

Associated diseases and disorders

AP180 connects to cognitive disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Its malfunction might contribute to cognitive impairments as observed in Alzheimer's disease models due to its pivotal role in synaptic vesicle recycling and transmission. Moreover abnormalities in AP180 could influence Parkinson's disease pathways given its interaction with other synaptic proteins such as alpha-synuclein which is implicated in the disease. Therefore AP180 represents a significant target for understanding synaptic dysregulation in these neurodegenerative conditions.