Anti-ST14 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

ST14 also known as matriptase is a serine protease with a molecular mass of about 92 kDa. It exists as a single-chain zymogen and activates through cleavage to form a two-chain form. Matriptase resides on the surface of epithelial cells and shows high expression in several tissues such as the epidermis prostate and gastrointestinal tract. This protease plays a part in tissue homeostasis by initiating proteolytic cascades that modify the extracellular matrix and influence cellular processes.

Biological function summary

Matriptase regulates proteolytic activation events in the extracellular environment. It instigates cascades that activate specific growth factors and proteases playing a role in cell proliferation and migration. Matriptase forms a complex with hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) which modulates its activity. The balance between matriptase and its inhibitors is important for controlling epithelial cell dynamics and maintaining a healthy cellular environment.

Pathways

Matriptase contributes to key signaling pathways like the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and the plasminogen activation pathway. Within the EGFR signaling matriptase activates growth factors that influence cell proliferation and survival. It also intersects with proteins like epithelial growth factor receptor and plasminogen which are significant for cellular functions and homeostasis. These pathways are important for maintaining normal tissue function and responding to cellular stress.

Associated diseases and disorders

Deregulation of matriptase is linked to conditions like cancer and ichthyosis. Matriptase overexpression or aberrant activity often relates to tumor progression and cancer metastasis particularly in breast and prostate cancer. Dysregulation also associates with the skin disorder ichthyosis due to imbalance with its inhibitor HAI-1 leading to defective epidermal permeability. Understanding matriptase's role in these diseases helps in designing therapeutic strategies and targeting the protease with specific inhibitors.