Rabbit Polyclonal Thioredoxin / TRX antibody. Suitable for ICC/IF, IP, WB and reacts with Human, Chinese hamster samples. Cited in 42 publications.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA
ICC/IF | IP | WB | |
---|---|---|---|
Human | Expected | Expected | Tested |
Mouse | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Rat | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Cat | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Chinese hamster | Expected | Expected | Expected |
Cow | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Pig | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Sheep | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human, Chinese hamster | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Sheep, Cow, Cat, Pig | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Chinese hamster | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species Human | Dilution info 5 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Sheep, Cow, Cat, Pig | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Chinese hamster | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Sheep, Cow, Cat, Pig | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions (PubMed:17182577, PubMed:19032234, PubMed:2176490). Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity (PubMed:16408020, PubMed:17606900). Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity (PubMed:11118054, PubMed:9108029). ADF augments the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55).
TRDX, TRX, TRX1, TXN, Thioredoxin, Trx, ATL-derived factor, Surface-associated sulphydryl protein, ADF, SASP
Rabbit Polyclonal Thioredoxin / TRX antibody. Suitable for ICC/IF, IP, WB and reacts with Human, Chinese hamster samples. Cited in 42 publications.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA
From July 2024, QC testing of replenishment batches of this polyclonal changed. All tested and expected application and reactive species combinations are still covered by our Abcam product promise. However, we no longer test all applications. For more information on a specific batch, please contact our Scientific Support who will be happy to help.
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Thioredoxin (TRX) also known as TXN or Trx is a small redox protein with a molecular mass of approximately 12 kDa. It acts as an oxidoreductase enzyme facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange. Thioredoxin is ubiquitously expressed across various tissues indicating its function in a broad range of cellular activities. The protein comprises an active site with a conserved Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys sequence critical for its reducing activity.
Thioredoxin influences cellular redox homeostasis and plays direct roles in regulating cell growth and apoptosis. It participates as a major reductant in cells influencing transcription factors and enzymatic activities that depend on thiol-disulfide exchanges. Thioredoxin can interact with other components like thioredoxin reductase and NADPH to form the thioredoxin system a powerful antioxidant defense mechanism. Diseases typically arise from abnormal regulation of this system highlighting its influence on cellular survival and proliferation.
Thioredoxin integrates into significant signaling and metabolic processes. It is an important player in the cellular response to oxidative stress and participates in signaling pathways such as the MAPK and apoptosis pathways. In these pathways thioredoxin reduces the oxidative stress transcription factor AP-1 influencing cell fate decisions. Its interaction with thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) further modulates cellular responses to oxidative environments.
Altered thioredoxin activity associates with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Its overexpression links to tumor progression where it promotes survival and resistance to apoptosis. Additionally in the context of neurodegenerative disorders thioredoxin’s interaction with amyloid-beta peptides implicates it in Alzheimer’s disease by mitigating oxidative stress damage. Through these conditions its role as a protector against oxidative stress remains pivotal.
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This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
Thioredoxin / TRX was immunoprecipitated using 0.5mg Hela whole cell extract, 5μg of Rabbit polyclonal to Thioredoxin / TRX and 50μl of protein G magnetic beads (+). No antibody was added to the control (-).
The antibody was incubated under agitation with Protein G beads for 10min, Hela whole cell extract lysate diluted in RIPA buffer was added to each sample and incubated for a further 10min under agitation.
Proteins were eluted by addition of 40μl SDS loading buffer and incubated for 10min at 70°C; 10μl of each sample was separated on a SDS PAGE gel, transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane, blocked with 5% BSA and probed with ab26320.
Secondary: Mouse monoclonal [SB62a] Secondary Antibody to Rabbit IgG light chain (HRP) (Mouse monoclonal [SB62a] Anti-Rabbit IgG light chain (HRP) ab99697).
Band: 12kDa; Thioredoxin / TRX
All lanes: Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Thioredoxin / TRX antibody (ab26320)
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 12 kDa
Exposure time: 20min
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Thioredoxin / TRX antibody (ab26320) at 1 µg/mL
All lanes: Western blot - Recombinant human Thioredoxin / TRX protein (Active) (Recombinant human Thioredoxin / TRX protein (Active) ab51064) at 0.01 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed ab97080) at 1/5000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 12 kDa
Exposure time: 30s
ab26320 detects a band of 12 kDa in HeLa, Jurkat and A431 whole cell lysates. The data for the Jurkat and A431 lysates is not shown.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Thioredoxin / TRX antibody (ab26320) at 1 µg/mL
All lanes: HeLa whole cell lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: Goat polyclonal to Rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 680) at 1/10000 dilution
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 12 kDa
Observed band size: 12 kDa
ab26320, at 1/200 dilution, staining human TRX in assynchronous HeLa cells by ICC/IF.
Immunofluorescent detection of Thioredoxin /TRX using antibody ab26320. Chinese Hamster Cell (Ovary cells) were fixed in formaldehyde and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X in PBS/3% BSA. Primary antibody was incubated at 1/1000 for 1h @ 4°C in PBS containing 3% BSA. Secondary antibody: anti-rabbit conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 568 used @ 1/300. CHO cells co-transfected with plasmids encoding GFP and a mutated form of human thioredoxin which does not enter the nucleus, and labelled using ab26320 (1/1000) and Alexa 568 (1/300). Panel [A] demonstrates GFP immunoreactivity. [B ]thioredoxin immunoreactity; many of the same cells are immunoreactive for both GFP and thioredoxin. Panel [D] thioredoxin primary antibody was omitted, hence there is no immunoeactivity.
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the publication
Thioredoxin / TRX western blot using anti-Thioredoxin / TRX antibody ab26320. Publication image and figure legend from Dehghan, E., Zhang, Y., et al., 2017, Nat Commun, PubMed 29263362.
ab26320 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab26320 please see the product overview.
Hydralazine enhances NRF2 signaling in SH-SY5Y cells. a Hydralazine increased cellular NRF2 protein in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated by western blot analysis of cell lysates (input) and NRF2 immunoprecipitates (IP:NRF2). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. b The mass spectrometry based label-free quantification of NRF2 immunoprecipitates prepared in part A. Extracted ion chromatogram of a NRF2 peptide, IINLPVVDFNEMoxMoxSK, as well as bar plot quantification are shown. Samples were treated with 0.05% H2O2 prior to mass spectrometric analysis. *p < 0.05, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. c Hydralazine reduced the interaction between NRF2 and KEAP1. Interactions were measured by reciprocal Co-IPs followed by western blot analysis. *p < 0.05, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. d NRF2 translocates to the nucleus with hydralazine treatment. Treated cells were subjected to cell fractionation and western blot analysis. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. e Hydralazine treatment increased nuclear NRF2 phosphorylation quantified using an antibody specific to NRF2 phosphorylation at serine 40. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. f TXN, a potent regulator of the NRF2–KEAP1 response system, is upregulated with hydralazine treatment. *p < 0.05, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD. g ARE-driven luciferase activity was increased with hydralazine treatment, indicating an increase in the transcriptional activation of NRF2 target genes. Hydrazine did not increase luciferase activity. **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 6, mean ± SD. h Hydralazine treatment increased the expression of NRF2 downstream targets measured by qPCR using actin as internal control. For the list of primers used for qPCR, see Supplementary Table 1 online. *p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 6, mean ± SEM. i Hydralazine treatment increased the expression of NRF2 downstream target measured by western blot analysis. *p < 0.05, two-tailed Student's t test, n = 3, mean ± SD
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