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AB76495

Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • BOND RX™ Validated
  • RabMAb
  • Recombinant
  • KO Validated
  • What is this?

4

(2 Reviews)

|

(29 Publications)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody. Suitable for IP, WB, Flow Cyt (Intra), IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 29 publications.

View Alternative Names

TK1

6 Images
Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Lab

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

Intracellular Flow Cytometry analysis of HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labeling Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 with Purified ab76495 at 1/200 dilution (0.1 μg/ml) (Red). Cells were fixed with 4% Paraformaldehyde and permeabilised with 90% Methanol. A Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488 ,ab150077) secondary antibody was used at 1/2000. Isotype control - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Left). Unlabeled control - /.

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • IHC-P

Lab

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human tonsil tissue sections labeling Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 with purified ab76495 at 1/200 dilution (0.85 µg/mL). Heat mediated antigen retrieval using Bond™ Epitope Retrieval Solution 2 (pH 9.0). The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument. Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101) was used as the secondary antibody. Negative control : PBS instead of the primary antibody. Hematoxylin was used as a counterstain.

Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • IP

Lab

Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

Purified ab76495 at 1/20 dilution (0.8μg) immunoprecipitating Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 in MOLT-4 whole cell lysate.
Lane 1 (input) : MOLT-4 (Human lymphoblastic leukemia T lymphoblast)
Lane 2 (+) : ab76495 + MOLT-4 whole cell lysate.
Lane 3 (-) : Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab76495 in MOLT-4 whole cell lysate.
VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (ab131366) (1/1000 dilution) was used for Western blotting.
Blocking Buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST.
Diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST.
Observed band size : 24 kDa

All lanes:

Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (ab76495)

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

false

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • WB

Unknown

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (ab76495) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

MOLT-4 (Human lymphoblastic leukemia T lymphoblast) whole cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

U-2 OS (Human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 3:

SW620 (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 4:

Jurkat (Human T cell leukemia T lymphocyte) whole cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 5:

Human tonsil lysate at 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 dilution

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

false

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

Lane 1 : Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 2 : TK1 knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 3 : Jurkat whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 4 : MOLT4 whole cell lysate (20 μg)

Lanes 1 - 4 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab76495 observed at 25 kDa. Red - loading control, ab8245, observed at 37 kDa.

ab76495 was shown to specifically react with TK1 in wildtype HAP1 cells. No band was observed when TK1 knockout samples were examined. Wild-type and TK1 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab76495 and ab8245 (Mouse anti GAPDH loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1/5000 dilution and 1/10,000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (ab76495)

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

false

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (AB76495)

Lanes 1- 2 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab76495 observed at 25 kDa. Red - Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control (ab7291) observed at 50 kDa.

ab76495 was shown to react with Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 in wild-type HEK-293T cells in western blot. Loss of signal was observed when knockout cell line ab266230 (knockout cell lysate ab257745) was used. Wild-type HEK-293T and TK1 knockout HEK-293T cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Membrane was blocked for 1 hour at room temperature in 0.1% TBST with 3% non-fat dried milk. ab76495 and Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control (ab7291) overnight at 4°C at a 1 in 1000 dilution and a 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye®800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye®680RD) preadsorbed (ab216776) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] (ab76495) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

Wild-type HEK-293T cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

TK1 knockout HEK-293T cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Human TK1 (Thymidine Kinase 1) knockout HEK-293T cell line (<a href='/en-us/products/cell-lines/human-tk1-thymidine-kinase-1-knockout-hek-293t-cell-line-ab266230'>ab266230</a>)

Predicted band size: 21 kDa,25 kDa

Observed band size: 21 kDa,25 kDa

false

  • 519 Alexa Fluor® 488

    Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • Carrier free

    Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193] - BSA and Azide free

  • 578 PE

    PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 660 APC

    APC Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • HRP

    HRP Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 617 Alexa Fluor® 594

    Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 665 Alexa Fluor® 647

    Alexa Fluor® 647 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 603 Alexa Fluor® 568

    Alexa Fluor® 568 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 565 Alexa Fluor® 555

    Alexa Fluor® 555 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1 antibody [EPR3193]

  • 775 Alexa Fluor® 750

    Alexa Fluor® 750 Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3193]

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR3193

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human

Applications

IHC-P, WB, Flow Cyt (Intra), IP

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "IP" : {"fullname" : "Immunoprecipitation", "shortname":"IP"}, "WB" : {"fullname" : "Western blot", "shortname":"WB"}, "FlowCytIntra" : {"fullname" : "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular)", "shortname":"Flow Cyt (Intra)"}, "IHCP" : {"fullname" : "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)", "shortname":"IHC-P"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "IP-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "IP-species-dilution-info": "1/20", "IP-species-notes": "<p></p>", "WB-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "WB-species-dilution-info": "1/1000", "WB-species-notes": "<p><strong>For unpurified use at 1/5000 - 1/50000</strong></p>", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "1/200", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<p>For unpurified use at 1/70 <a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/rabbit-igg-monoclonal-epr25a-isotype-control-ab172730'>ab172730</a> - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.</p>", "IHCP-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "IHCP-species-dilution-info": "1/100 - 1/250", "IHCP-species-notes": "<p></p>" } } }

Product details

Species reactivity
Mouse, Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with these species.
Please contact us for more information.

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) also known as Thymidine Kinase isoform A is an enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of thymidine into thymidine monophosphate an important component in DNA synthesis. TK1 has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in proliferating cells with expression levels peaking during the S phase of the cell cycle. You often find TK1 in tissues with high cell division rates like bone marrow and lymphatic tissues.
Biological function summary

This enzyme is critical for DNA replication and repair by providing deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) a deoxynucleoside triphosphate. TK1 operates as a monomer but can form a tetrameric complex in its active state which enhances its affinity for substrates. TK1 can process various substrates including thymidine and thymidine analogs such as 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and EdU. These substrates are vital in molecular biology as they help in measuring DNA synthesis in cell proliferation studies.

Pathways

The function of TK1 is central to the salvage pathway of nucleotide synthesis. This pathway allows recycling of thymidine from degraded DNA which is particularly important for rapidly dividing cells that need to ensure a sufficient supply of nucleotides. TK1 acts alongside other enzymes such as thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase to maintain nucleotide balance within the cell ensuring proper DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation.

TK1 levels often increase in cancerous tissues due to their elevated cell proliferation rates. Serum TK1 is a biomarker for various cancers like leukemia and breast cancer. Studies show a correlation between high TK1 activity and tumor aggressiveness and progression. Additionally interactions of TK1 with the protein p53 a tumor suppressor show that defects in TK1 regulation can contribute to genomic instability highlighting its role in oncogenesis.

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Target data

Cell-cycle-regulated enzyme of importance in nucleotide metabolism (PubMed : 9575153). Catalyzes the first enzymatic step in the salvage pathway converting thymidine into thymidine monophosphate (PubMed : 22385435). Transcriptional regulation limits expression to the S phase of the cell cycle and transient expression coincides with the oscillation in the intracellular dTTP concentration (Probable). Also important for the activation of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analog prodrugs such as 1-b-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (AraC) and 3c-azido-3c-deoxythymidine (AZT) (PubMed : 22385435).
See full target information TK1

Publications (29)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

World journal of oncology 16:30-50 PubMed39850524

2025

Expression Profile of Thymidine Kinase Genes in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Confirmed by Various Detection Methods.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Cai Xia Liang,Ya Jun Pang,Man Yu Chen,Long Nian Hong,Si Xia Huang,Cheng Nong Guan

Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 42:209 PubMed37596700

2023

LncRNA SNHG4 promotes prostate cancer cell survival and resistance to enzalutamide through a let-7a/RREB1 positive feedback loop and a ceRNA network.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Qingzhuo Dong,Hui Qiu,Chiyuan Piao,Zhengxiu Li,Xiaolu Cui

Brain sciences 13: PubMed36831773

2023

Multi-Omics Integration Analysis of TK1 in Glioma: A Potential Biomarker for Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medical Approaches.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Chuan Shao,Pan Wang,Bin Liao,Sheng Gong,Nan Wu

Frontiers in oncology 12:763480 PubMed36110943

2022

La protein regulates protein expression by binding with the mRNAs of target genes and participates the pathological process of ovarian cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Xuan Huang,Jialei Zhu,Yueyan Li,Yang Yu,Jing Tang

Oncology letters 24:311 PubMed35949616

2022

The mechanism underlying resistance to 5-fluorouracil and its reversal by the inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase in breast cancer cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ryutaro Mori,Junko Ukai,Yoshihisa Tokumaru,Yoshimi Niwa,Manabu Futamura

Frontiers in genetics 13:778850 PubMed35559045

2022

Assessing the Potential Prognostic and Immunological Role of TK1 in Prostate Cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Hui Xie,Linpei Guo,Zhun Wang,Shuanghe Peng,Qianwang Ma,Zhao Yang,Zhiqun Shang,Yuanjie Niu

Journal of personalized medicine 11: PubMed34442440

2021

A Novel Approach for the Discovery of Biomarkers of Radiotherapy Response in Breast Cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

James Meehan,Mark Gray,Carlos Martínez-Pérez,Charlene Kay,Jimi C Wills,Ian H Kunkler,J Michael Dixon,Arran K Turnbull

Carcinogenesis 42:762-771 PubMed33758932

2021

microRNA-320b suppresses HNF4G and IGF2BP2 expression to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth of lung cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yu-Shui Ma,Bo-Wen Shi,Jun-Hong Guo,Ji-Bin Liu,Xiao-Li Yang,Rui Xin,Yi Shi,Dan-Dan Zhang,Gai-Xia Lu,Cheng-You Jia,Hui-Min Wang,Pei-Yao Wang,Hui-Qiong Yang,Jia-Jia Zhang,Wei Wu,Ping-Sheng Cao,Yu-Zhen Yin,Li-Peng Gu,Lin-Lin Tian,Zhong-Wei Lv,Chun-Yan Wu,Gao-Ren Wang,Fei Yu,Li-Kun Hou,Geng-Xi Jiang,Da Fu

Oncology reports 45: PubMed33649846

2021

Mechanism of acquired 5FU resistance and strategy for overcoming 5FU resistance focusing on 5FU metabolism in colon cancer cell lines.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Tomonari Suetsugu,Ryutaro Mori,Manabu Futamura,Masahiro Fukada,Hideharu Tanaka,Itaru Yasufuku,Yuta Sato,Yoshinori Iwata,Takeharu Imai,Hisashi Imai,Yoshihiro Tanaka,Naoki Okumura,Nobuhisa Matsuhashi,Takao Takahashi,Kazuhiro Yoshida

Cancer cell international 20:127 PubMed32317865

2020

Novel monoclonal antibodies against thymidine kinase 1 and their potential use for the immunotargeting of lung, breast and colon cancer cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Edwin J Velazquez,Taylor D Brindley,Gajendra Shrestha,Eliza E Bitter,Jordan D Cress,Michelle H Townsend,Bradford K Berges,Richard A Robison,K Scott Weber,Kim L O'Neill
View all publications

Product promise

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