AB91651

Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

RabMAb
Recombinant
KO Validated
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(5 Publications)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 5 publications.

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4 Images

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Flow Cyt (Intra)

Lab

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Flow Cytometry analysis of HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labeling Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 with purified ab91651 at 1/1000 dilution (1 μg/mL) (Red). Cells were fixed with 4% Paraformaldehyde and permeabilised with 90% Methanol. A Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor^® 488, ab150077) secondary antibody was used at 1/2000. Isotype control - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Left).

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

ICC/IF

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Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

ab91651 at 1/100 dilution staining Thymidine kinase 1/TK1 in HeLa (Human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells.

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Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Lane 1 : Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 2 : TK1 knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 3 : Jurkat whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 4 : MOLT4 whole cell lysate (20 μg)

Lanes 1 - 4 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab91651 observed at 25 kDa. Red - loading control, ab8245, observed at 37 kDa.

ab91651 was shown to specifically recognize TK1 in wild-type HAP1 cells along with additional cross-reactive bands. No bands were observed when TK1 knockout samples were examined. Wild-type and TK1 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab91651 and ab8245 (Mouse anti GAPDH loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1/500 dilution and 1/10,000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye^® 800CW) preabsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye^® 680RD) preabsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (ab91651)

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

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Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (ab91651) at 1/500 dilution

All lanes:

MOLT-4 (Human lymphoblastic leukemia cell line) cell lysate at 10 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

HRP labeled goat anti-rabbit at 1/2000 dilution

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

false

578 PE

PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]
Carrier free

Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR3194

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Reacts with

Human

Applications

ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra), WB

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "IP" : {"fullname" : "Immunoprecipitation", "shortname":"IP"}, "WB" : {"fullname" : "Western blot", "shortname":"WB"}, "IHCP" : {"fullname" : "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)", "shortname":"IHC-P"}, "ICCIF" : {"fullname" : "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence", "shortname":"ICC/IF"}, "FlowCytIntra" : {"fullname" : "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular)", "shortname":"Flow Cyt (Intra)"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "IP-species-checked": "notRecommended", "IP-species-dilution-info": "", "IP-species-notes": "", "WB-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "WB-species-dilution-info": "1/500 - 1/1000", "WB-species-notes": "", "IHCP-species-checked": "notRecommended", "IHCP-species-dilution-info": "", "IHCP-species-notes": "", "ICCIF-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "1/100 - 1/250", "ICCIF-species-notes": "", "FlowCytIntra-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "FlowCytIntra-species-dilution-info": "1/1000", "FlowCytIntra-species-notes": "<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/rabbit-igg-monoclonal-epr25a-isotype-control-ab172730'>ab172730</a> - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody." } } }

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Product details

Species reactivity
Mouse, Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with these species.
Please contact us for more information.

Patented technology
Our RabMAb^® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb^® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

- High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- Improved sensitivity and specificity
- Long-term security of supply
- Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

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Properties and storage information

Form

Liquid

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Storage buffer

pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 50% Tissue culture supernatant, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

+4°C

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

-20°C

Aliquoting information

Upon delivery aliquot

Storage information

Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) also known as Thymidine Kinase isoform A is an enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of thymidine into thymidine monophosphate an important component in DNA synthesis. TK1 has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in proliferating cells with expression levels peaking during the S phase of the cell cycle. You often find TK1 in tissues with high cell division rates like bone marrow and lymphatic tissues.

Biological function summary

This enzyme is critical for DNA replication and repair by providing deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) a deoxynucleoside triphosphate. TK1 operates as a monomer but can form a tetrameric complex in its active state which enhances its affinity for substrates. TK1 can process various substrates including thymidine and thymidine analogs such as 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and EdU. These substrates are vital in molecular biology as they help in measuring DNA synthesis in cell proliferation studies.

Pathways

The function of TK1 is central to the salvage pathway of nucleotide synthesis. This pathway allows recycling of thymidine from degraded DNA which is particularly important for rapidly dividing cells that need to ensure a sufficient supply of nucleotides. TK1 acts alongside other enzymes such as thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase to maintain nucleotide balance within the cell ensuring proper DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation.

TK1 levels often increase in cancerous tissues due to their elevated cell proliferation rates. Serum TK1 is a biomarker for various cancers like leukemia and breast cancer. Studies show a correlation between high TK1 activity and tumor aggressiveness and progression. Additionally interactions of TK1 with the protein p53 a tumor suppressor show that defects in TK1 regulation can contribute to genomic instability highlighting its role in oncogenesis.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Visit the General protocols
Visit the Troubleshooting

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Target data

Cell-cycle-regulated enzyme of importance in nucleotide metabolism (PubMed : 9575153). Catalyzes the first enzymatic step in the salvage pathway converting thymidine into thymidine monophosphate (PubMed : 22385435). Transcriptional regulation limits expression to the S phase of the cell cycle and transient expression coincides with the oscillation in the intracellular dTTP concentration (Probable). Also important for the activation of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analog prodrugs such as 1-b-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (AraC) and 3c-azido-3c-deoxythymidine (AZT) (PubMed : 22385435).

See full target information TK1

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Publications (5)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

European journal of medical research 30:765 PubMed40830974

2025

Coordinating oncogenesis and immune evasion: KPNA2, GOLM1, and TK1 as novel CAR T-cell targets in lung adenocarcinoma.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Wangrui Liu,Hui Zou,Lei Guo,Zhonghua Zhou,Yahui Xie,Huaqi Guo,Gang Wei,Kai Zhang,Hui Yin,Shiyin Wei,Jiachang Chi

PloS one 17:e0264822 PubMed35239730

2022

Selection of human single domain antibodies (sdAb) against thymidine kinase 1 and their incorporation into sdAb-Fc antibody constructs for potential use in cancer therapy.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Edwin J Velazquez,Jordan D Cress,Tyler B Humpherys,Toni O Mortimer,David M Bellini,Jonathan R Skidmore,Kathryn R Smith,Richard A Robison,Scott K Weber,Kim L O'Neill

Cancer cell international 20:127 PubMed32317865

2020

Novel monoclonal antibodies against thymidine kinase 1 and their potential use for the immunotargeting of lung, breast and colon cancer cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Edwin J Velazquez,Taylor D Brindley,Gajendra Shrestha,Eliza E Bitter,Jordan D Cress,Michelle H Townsend,Bradford K Berges,Richard A Robison,K Scott Weber,Kim L O'Neill

Cancer cell international 18:135 PubMed30214377

2018

Membrane expression of thymidine kinase 1 and potential clinical relevance in lung, breast, and colorectal malignancies.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Evita G Weagel,Weston Burrup,Roman Kovtun,Edwin J Velazquez,Abigail M Felsted,Michelle H Townsend,Zachary E Ence,Erica Suh,Stephen R Piccolo,K Scott Weber,Richard A Robison,Kim L O'Neill

OncoTargets and therapy 10:4355-4367 PubMed28919785

2017

Biomarker analysis and clinical relevance of TK1 on the cell membrane of Burkitt's lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Evita G Weagel,Wei Meng,Michelle H Townsend,Edwin J Velazquez,Rachel A Brog,Michael W Boyer,K Scott Weber,Richard A Robison,Kim L O'Neill

View all publications

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Product promise

We are committed to supporting your work with high-quality reagents, and we're here for you every step of the way. In the unlikely event that one of our products does not perform as expected, you're protected by our Product Promise.

For full details, please see our Terms & Conditions

Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com

Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (AB91651)

Related conjugates and formulations (2)

Key facts

Host species

Clonality

Clone number

Isotype

Carrier free

Reacts with

Applications

Immunogen

Reactivity data

Product details

Properties and storage information

Form

Purification technique

Storage buffer

Shipped at conditions

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

Aliquoting information

Storage information

Supplementary information

Biological function summary

Pathways

Product protocols

Target data

Publications (5)

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