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AB223164

Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free

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(1 Publication)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 1 publication.

View Alternative Names

TK1

3 Images
Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Lab

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)

This data was developed using ab91651, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

Flow Cytometry analysis of HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labeling Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 with purified ab91651 at 1/1000 dilution (1 μg/mL) (Red). Cells were fixed with 4% Paraformaldehyde and permeabilised with 90% Methanol. A Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, ab150077) secondary antibody was used at 1/2000. Isotype control - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Left).

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)
  • ICC/IF

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Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)

ab91651 at 1/100 dilution staining Thymidine kinase 1/TK1 in Hela cells.

This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (ab91651).

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)
  • WB

Unknown

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] - BSA and Azide free (AB223164)

Lane 1 : Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 2 : TK1 knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 3 : Jurkat whole cell lysate (20 μg)
Lane 4 : MOLT4 whole cell lysate (20 μg)

Lanes 1 - 4 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab91651 observed at 25 kDa. Red - loading control, ab8245, observed at 37 kDa.

ab91651 was shown to specifically recognize TK1 in wild-type HAP1 cells along with additional cross-reactive bands. No bands were observed when TK1 knockout samples were examined. Wild-type and TK1 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab91651 and ab8245 (Mouse anti GAPDH loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1/500 dilution and 1/10,000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (ab91651).

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/thymidine-kinase-1-tk1-antibody-epr3194-ab91651'>ab91651</a>)

Predicted band size: 25 kDa

false

  • Unconjugated

    Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

  • 578 PE

    PE Anti-Thymidine Kinase 1/TK1 antibody [EPR3194]

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR3194

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Yes

Reacts with

Human

Applications

WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra)

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

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Product details

ab223164 is the carrier-free version of ab91651.

Species reactivity
Mouse, Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with these species.
Please contact us for more information.

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Conjugation ready
Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

Compatibility
This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Constituents: PBS
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Do Not Freeze
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) also known as Thymidine Kinase isoform A is an enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of thymidine into thymidine monophosphate an important component in DNA synthesis. TK1 has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in proliferating cells with expression levels peaking during the S phase of the cell cycle. You often find TK1 in tissues with high cell division rates like bone marrow and lymphatic tissues.
Biological function summary

This enzyme is critical for DNA replication and repair by providing deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) a deoxynucleoside triphosphate. TK1 operates as a monomer but can form a tetrameric complex in its active state which enhances its affinity for substrates. TK1 can process various substrates including thymidine and thymidine analogs such as 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and EdU. These substrates are vital in molecular biology as they help in measuring DNA synthesis in cell proliferation studies.

Pathways

The function of TK1 is central to the salvage pathway of nucleotide synthesis. This pathway allows recycling of thymidine from degraded DNA which is particularly important for rapidly dividing cells that need to ensure a sufficient supply of nucleotides. TK1 acts alongside other enzymes such as thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase to maintain nucleotide balance within the cell ensuring proper DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation.

TK1 levels often increase in cancerous tissues due to their elevated cell proliferation rates. Serum TK1 is a biomarker for various cancers like leukemia and breast cancer. Studies show a correlation between high TK1 activity and tumor aggressiveness and progression. Additionally interactions of TK1 with the protein p53 a tumor suppressor show that defects in TK1 regulation can contribute to genomic instability highlighting its role in oncogenesis.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Cell-cycle-regulated enzyme of importance in nucleotide metabolism (PubMed : 9575153). Catalyzes the first enzymatic step in the salvage pathway converting thymidine into thymidine monophosphate (PubMed : 22385435). Transcriptional regulation limits expression to the S phase of the cell cycle and transient expression coincides with the oscillation in the intracellular dTTP concentration (Probable). Also important for the activation of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analog prodrugs such as 1-b-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (AraC) and 3c-azido-3c-deoxythymidine (AZT) (PubMed : 22385435).
See full target information TK1
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Publications (1)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Acta neuropathologica communications 13:164 PubMed40721826

2025

Melanoma antigens in pediatric medulloblastoma contribute to tumor heterogeneity and species-specificity of group 3 tumors.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Rebecca R J Collins,Rebecca R Florke Gee,Sima Tozandehjani,Tara Bayat,Maria Camila Hoyos Sanchez,Juan Sebastian Solano Gutierrez,Barbara Breznik,Anna K Lee,Samuel T Peters,Jon P Connelly,Shondra M Pruett-Miller,Martine F Roussel,Dinesh Rakheja,Heather S Tillman,Patrick Ryan Potts,Klementina Fon Tacer
View all publications
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