Anti-TIL/TLR1 antibody [EPR2075]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) also known as TIL plays a significant role in the immune system. It is a pattern recognition receptor that detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR1 has a molecular weight of approximately 90 kilodaltons. It is expressed on the surface of various immune cells including monocytes macrophages and dendritic cells. TLR1 recognizes triacylated lipopeptides in combination with TLR2 forming a heterodimer that is essential for signaling. This interaction enhances the immune response against microbial infections.

Biological function summary

TLR1 contributes to the immune response by participating in the detection of bacterial lipoproteins. This receptor is a part of the Toll-like receptor family which plays an essential role in innate immunity. TLR1 often in complex with TLR2 helps in recognizing and responding to the structural motifs of microbial pathogens. These interactions lead to the activation of downstream signaling pathways triggering the production of cytokines and other mediators essential for inflammatory responses.

Pathways

TLR1 is involved in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and the NF-kB signaling pathway. In the Toll-like receptor pathway TLR1-TLR2 heterodimers signal through adaptor proteins like MyD88 which leads to the activation of transcription factors such as NF-kB. This mechanism regulates the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. TLR1 coordinates with TLR2 not just in recognition of ligands but also in the signaling to produce a coordinated immune response enhancing the cell's ability to deal with infections.

Associated diseases and disorders

TLR1 plays a role in conditions involving immune dysregulation such as tuberculosis and sepsis. Genetic variations in TLR1 can impact susceptibility to these diseases by altering the receptor's ability to recognize pathogenic components. TLR1's interaction with TLR2 influences the inflammatory response and may contribute to inappropriate immune activation seen in sepsis. These receptors' roles in inflammation and pathogen recognition highlight their importance in understanding the development and progression of immune-related diseases.