Anti-TMEM119 antibody - Microglial marker

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

TMEM119 also known as transmembrane protein 119 plays a role in cell membrane dynamics. It has a molecular mass of approximately 35 kDa. TMEM119 is specifically expressed in microglia in the central nervous system. Microglia serve essential functions in brain homeostasis and immune response. Given its expression profile TMEM119 serves as a marker to identify microglia especially in research focused on neurological tissues. Researchers often utilize techniques like microglial flow cytometry and microglial staining for identification and quantification of microglial populations often in frozen marker studies.

Biological function summary

TMEM119 regulates signaling pathways that maintain microglial identity and function but does not typically form part of larger complexes. It modulates microglial activation states and influences responses to central nervous system injury and inflammation. As a membrane protein it may interact with other surface molecules although specific binding partners are not well-characterized in current literature. Researchers value TMEM119 as a reliable marker in studies aiming to distinguish brain-resident microglia from infiltrating peripheral macrophages.

Pathways

TMEM119 functions as a modulator within inflammatory and neuroimmune pathways. It plays roles in the NF-kB signaling and the neuroinflammatory cascade. Its relationship with proteins like CD68 and Iba1 indicates it may influence pathways tied to immune responses and phagocytosis within nervous system contexts. Understanding the interactions and co-expression of TMEM119 with these proteins helps clarify its contribution to neuroimmune functions.

Associated diseases and disorders

TMEM119 links with neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Altered expression of TMEM119 appears in disease states potentially contributing to pathogenesis through disrupted inflammatory responses. Its association with proteins such as TREM2 in Alzheimer's suggests that TMEM119 may play indirect roles in the progression of neurodegeneration. Furthermore high TMEM119 levels in pathological samples provide insights into microglial involvement in disease progression and potential targets for therapeutic interventions.