Anti-TORC2 antibody [EPR3384(2)]

Supplementary info

Activity summary

TORC2 also known as Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 is a multi-protein complex involved in regulating cell growth and survival. It consists of several subunits including mTOR RICTOR and mLST8 and has a molecular mass of 1-1.5 MDa. TORC2 acts as a serine/threonine kinase primarily phosphorylating Akt (Protein Kinase B) and other AGC family kinases. This complex is expressed in various tissues including liver muscle and brain where it influences multiple cellular functions.

Biological function summary

The actions of TORC2 play important roles in the regulation of lipid metabolism cytoskeletal organization and stress response. This complex contributes to cell survival and proliferation by phosphorylating specific substrates that control these processes. TORC2 specifically phosphorylates the hydrophobic motif on actor proteins like Akt which is necessary for their full activation. This activity establishes TORC2 as an important regulator within numerous cellular systems that contribute to maintaining cellular integrity and homeostasis.

Pathways

The activities of TORC2 are integral to the PI3K/Akt signaling and insulin signaling pathways. Within these pathways TORC2's phosphorylation of Akt impacts glucose metabolism protein synthesis and cell survival. It operates in parallel with TORC1 (Target of Rapamycin Complex 1) yet TORC2 responds to distinct extracellular cues highlighting its unique role. Key proteins associated with TORC2 in these pathways include PI3K upstream and Akt downstream which are essential for transmitting signals that affect cell growth and metabolic regulation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Disruptions in TORC2 function have been associated with cancer and diabetes. The aberrant activation of TORC2 leads to unchecked cell growth and survival contributing to tumor progression in various cancer types. Additionally alterations in TORC2 activity can affect insulin signaling linking it to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Proteins such as mTOR and Akt are central to these diseases with TORC2 playing a pivotal regulatory role in their pathways.