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AB247792

Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free

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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Transglutaminase 2 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Human samples.

View Alternative Names

Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, Erythrocyte transglutaminase, Heart G alpha(h), Isopeptidase TGM2, Protein G alpha(h), Protein-glutamine deamidase TGM2, Protein-glutamine dopaminyltransferase TGM2, Protein-glutamine histaminyltransferase TGM2, Protein-glutamine noradrenalinyltransferase TGM2, Protein-glutamine serotonyltransferase TGM2, Tissue transglutaminase, Transglutaminase C, Transglutaminase H, Transglutaminase II, Transglutaminase-2, hhG alpha(h), G(h), tTG, tTgase, TG(C), TGC, TGase C, TGase H, TGase II, TG2, TGase-2, hTG2, TGM2

4 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)
  • ICC/IF

Lab

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)

This data was developed using ab109200, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

ab109200 was shown to react with TGM2 in wild-type A549 cells in immunocytochemistry with loss of signal observed in TGM2 knockout cell line ab261876. Wild-type and knockout cells were mixed and pelleted at a 1 : 1 ratio on coverslips. The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (15 min) then permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 (10min) and then blocked with 1x PBS, 0.01% Triton X-100, 5% BSA, 5% NGS. The cells were then incubated with ab109200 at 1/300 dilution overnight at 4°C followed by a further incubation at room temperature for 1h with a goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody to (Alexa Fluor® 555) at 0.5 µg/ml. Acquisition of the green (wild-type), red (antibody staining) and far-red (knockout) channels was performed. Representative grayscale images of the red channel are shown. Wild-type and knockout cells are outlined with yellow and magenta dashed line, respectively. Schematic representation of the mosaic strategy used is shown on the bottom-right panel. Image was acquired with a Zeiss(LSM-880).

These data were provided by YCharOS Inc., an open science company with the mission of characterizing commercially available antibody reagents for all human proteins. Abcam and YCharOS are working together to help address the reproducibility crisis by enabling the life science community to better evaluate commercially available antibodies.

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)

This data was developed using ab109200, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

ab109200 was shown to react with TGM2 in wild-type A549 cells in Western blot with loss of signal observed in TGM2 knockout cell line ab261876. Wild-type A549 and TGM2 knockout cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Membranes were blocked in 5% milk in TBST for 1 hr before incubation with ab109200 overnight at 4 °C at a 1/10000 dilution. Blots were incubated with secondary antibodies at 0.2 µg/mL before imaging.

These data were provided by YCharOS Inc., an open science company with the mission of characterizing commercially available antibody reagents for all human proteins. Abcam and YCharOS are working together to help address the reproducibility crisis by enabling the life science community to better evaluate commercially available antibodies.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/transglutaminase-2-antibody-ep2957-ab109200'>ab109200</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Lane 1:

Wild-type A549 lysate at 40 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Human TGM2 (Transglutaminase 2) knockout A549 cell line (<a href='/en-us/products/cell-lines/human-tgm2-transglutaminase-2-knockout-a549-cell-line-ab261876'>ab261876</a>) at 40 µg

Observed band size: 75 kDa

false

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)

This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation (ab109200).

Lanes 1-2 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab109200 observed at 77 kDa. Red - loading control ab8245 observed at 37 kDa.

ab109200 Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] was shown to specifically react with Transglutaminase 2 in wild-type A549 cells. Loss of signal was observed when knockout cell line ab267110 (knockout cell lysate ab257087) was used. Wild-type and Transglutaminase 2 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab109200 and Anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5] - Loading Control (ab8245) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1 in 10000 and 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (ab216776) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/transglutaminase-2-antibody-ep2957-ab109200'>ab109200</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Lane 1:

Wild-type A549 cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

TGM2 knockout A549 cell lysate at 20 µg

Predicted band size: 77 kDa

Observed band size: 77 kDa

false

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] - BSA and Azide free (AB247792)

This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation (ab109200).

Lanes 1-4 : Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab109200 observed at 77 kDa. Red - loading control ab8245 observed at 37 kDa.

ab109200 Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] was shown to specifically react with Transglutaminase 2 in wild-type HeLa cells. Loss of signal was observed when knockout cell line ab265245 (knockout cell lysate ab257085) was used. Wild-type and Transglutaminase 2 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab109200 and Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [EP1332Y] - Microtubule Marker (ab52866) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1 in 1000 dilution and 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (ab216776) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-Transglutaminase 2 antibody [EP2957] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/transglutaminase-2-antibody-ep2957-ab109200'>ab109200</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

Wild-type HeLa cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

TGM2 knockout HeLa cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Human TGM2 (Transglutaminase 2) knockout HeLa cell line (<a href='/en-us/products/cell-lines/human-tgm2-transglutaminase-2-knockout-hela-cell-line-ab265245'>ab265245</a>)

Lane 3:

Wild-type A549 cell lysate at 20 µg

Lane 4:

TGM2 knockout A549 cell lysate at 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-irdye-800cw-preadsorbed-ab216773'>ab216773</a>) at 1/20000 dilution

Predicted band size: 77 kDa

Observed band size: 77 kDa

false

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EP2957

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Yes

Reacts with

Human

Applications

ICC/IF, IHC-P, WB

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

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Product details

ab247792 is the carrier-free version of ab109200.

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Species reactivity
Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with this species.
Please contact us for more information.

Conjugation ready
Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

Compatibility
This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Constituents: PBS
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Do Not Freeze

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Transglutaminase 2 also known as TG2 or tissue transglutaminase is an enzyme with a mass of approximately 74 kDa. It catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds by crosslinking glutamine residues and lysine residues in proteins. This enzyme is widely expressed in various tissues including the liver heart and lungs. It can act as a GTPase a kinase and a protein disulfide isomerase highlighting its multifunctional nature. Additionally transglutaminase 2 associates with cell membranes cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix indicating its versatile involvement in cellular processes.
Biological function summary

Transglutaminase 2 plays roles in cell adhesion wound healing and the immune response. It mediates extracellular matrix stabilization through crosslinking structural proteins which is critical for tissue repair. The enzyme does not typically form a stable part of a large complex but interacts with fibronectin as a binding partner highlighting its role in cellular adhesion and migration. The enzymatic activity of transglutaminase 2 helps maintain tissue integrity by modifying extracellular and intracellular proteins.

Pathways

Transglutaminase 2 contributes significantly to the integrin-mediated signaling pathway and the apoptosis pathway. It assists in the modulation of cell-matrix interactions by crosslinking matrix proteins which is important for integrin signaling. During apoptosis transglutaminase 2 promotes cellular processes that lead to cell death via its involvement in nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation. In these pathways proteins such as fibronectin and integrins interact with transglutaminase 2 facilitating its regulatory functions.

Transglutaminase 2 is associated with celiac disease and neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington's disease. Its autoantigenic properties make it a target in celiac disease where antibodies against transglutaminase 2 play a role in the pathology by affecting intestinal tissue. In Huntington's disease transglutaminase 2 contributes to the formation of protein aggregates which are toxic to neurons. This enzyme's interactions with proteins such as gliadin in celiac disease and huntingtin in Huntington's disease are central to its pathogenic mechanism.

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Target data

Calcium-dependent acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, such as gamma-amino group of peptide-bound lysine, or mono- and polyamines, thereby producing cross-linked or aminated proteins, respectively (PubMed : 23941696, PubMed : 31991788, PubMed : 9252372). Involved in many biological processes, such as bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification and apoptosis (PubMed : 1683874, PubMed : 27270573, PubMed : 28198360, PubMed : 7935379, PubMed : 9252372). Acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of proteins, such as ACO2, HSPB6, FN1, HMGB1, RAP1GDS1, SLC25A4/ANT1, SPP1 and WDR54 (PubMed : 23941696, PubMed : 24349085, PubMed : 29618516, PubMed : 30458214). Under physiological conditions, the protein cross-linking activity is inhibited by GTP; inhibition is relieved by Ca(2+) in response to various stresses (PubMed : 18092889, PubMed : 7592956, PubMed : 7649299). When secreted, catalyzes cross-linking of proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as FN1 and SPP1 resulting in the formation of scaffolds (PubMed : 12506096). Plays a key role during apoptosis, both by (1) promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins resulting in condensation of the cytoplasm, and by (2) mediating cross-linking proteins of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize the integrity of the dying cells before their clearance by phagocytosis, thereby preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components (PubMed : 7935379, PubMed : 9252372). In addition to protein cross-linking, can use different monoamine substrates to catalyze a vast array of protein post-translational modifications : mediates aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline or histamine into glutamine residues of target proteins to generate protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation or histaminylation, respectively (PubMed : 23797785, PubMed : 30867594). Mediates protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets, leading to constitutive activation of these GTPases (By similarity). Plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3 (PubMed : 30867594, PubMed : 32273471). Catalyzes serotonylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed : 30867594). Acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons : catalyzes dopaminylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5dop), thereby regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (PubMed : 32273471). Regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2 (By similarity). Also acts as a protein deamidase by mediating the side chain deamidation of specific glutamine residues of proteins to glutamate (PubMed : 20547769, PubMed : 9623982). Catalyzes specific deamidation of protein gliadin, a component of wheat gluten in the diet (PubMed : 9623982). May also act as an isopeptidase cleaving the previously formed cross-links (PubMed : 26250429, PubMed : 27131890). Also able to participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity : acts as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism (PubMed : 8943303).. Isoform 2. Has cytotoxic activity : is able to induce apoptosis independently of its acyltransferase activity.
See full target information Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2

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