Anti-TREX1 antibody

Target data

Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini (PubMed : 10391904, PubMed : 10393201, PubMed : 17293595). Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity (PubMed : 10391904, PubMed : 10393201, PubMed : 17293595). Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements (PubMed : 10391904, PubMed : 10393201, PubMed : 17293595). Plays a key role in degradation of DNA fragments at cytosolic micronuclei arising from genome instability : its association with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane directs TREX1 to ruptured micronuclei, leading to micronuclear DNA degradation (PubMed : 33476576). Micronuclear DNA degradation is required to limit CGAS activation and subsequent inflammation (PubMed : 33476576). Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling, leading to the production of type I interferon (PubMed : 33476576). Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates (PubMed : 18045533). Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light (PubMed : 23993650). During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1 (PubMed : 16818237). NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair (PubMed : 16818237).