Anti-VGLUT2 antibody [8G9.2]

Target data

Multifunctional transporter that transports L-glutamate as well as multiple ions such as chloride, proton, potassium, sodium and phosphate (PubMed : 11502256, PubMed : 11551935, PubMed : 11698619, PubMed : 17046815, PubMed : 18080752, PubMed : 25433636, PubMed : 27133463, PubMed : 29642010, PubMed : 32439795). At the synaptic vesicle membrane, mainly functions as a uniporter which transports preferentially L-glutamate but also, phosphate from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells (PubMed : 11502256, PubMed : 11551935, PubMed : 11698619, PubMed : 17046815, PubMed : 18080752, PubMed : 27133463, PubMed : 29642010, PubMed : 32439795). The L-glutamate or phosphate uniporter activity is electrogenic and is driven by the proton electrochemical gradient, mainly by the electrical gradient established by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase across the synaptic vesicle membrane (PubMed : 11502256, PubMed : 11551935, PubMed : 11698619, PubMed : 17046815, PubMed : 29642010, PubMed : 32439795). In addition, functions as a chloride channel that allows a chloride permeation through the synaptic vesicle membrane therefore affects the proton electrochemical gradient and promotes synaptic vesicles acidification (PubMed : 27133463). Moreover, functions as a vesicular K(+)/H(+) antiport allowing to maintain the electrical gradient and to decrease chemical gradient and therefore sustain vesicular L-glutamate uptake (PubMed : 25433636). The vesicular H(+)/H(+) antiport activity is electroneutral (PubMed : 25433636). At the plasma membrane, following exocytosis, functions as a symporter of Na(+) and phosphate from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm allowing synaptic phosphate homeostasis regulation (PubMed : 17046815, PubMed : 29642010). The symporter activity is driven by an inside negative membrane potential and is electrogenic (PubMed : 17046815, PubMed : 29642010). Also involved in the regulation of retinal hyaloid vessel regression during postnatal development (By similarity). May also play a role in the endocrine L-glutamatergic system of other tissues such as pineal gland and pancreas (PubMed : 11551935).