violetFluor™ 500 Anti-MHC Class II I Ab + Ad antibody [M5/114.15.2]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

MHC Class II I Ab + Ad often referred to simply as MHC II comprises heterodimeric molecules around 65 to 68 kDa expressed predominantly on antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells macrophages and B cells. These molecules play an important mechanical role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins to CD4+ T helper cells. This antigen presentation starts the immune response process enabling the immune system to recognize and respond to pathogens effectively.

Biological function summary

MHC Class II molecules contribute significantly to the adaptive immune response forming part of the peptide-MHC complex. This complex presents processed antigen fragments to T cells. When T cell receptors on CD4+ T cells recognize and bind to these peptide-MHC complexes it triggers signaling cascades that result in T cell activation proliferation and differentiation. The I Ab + Ad refers to specific alleles in different strains of mice models critical for experimental studies in immunology.

Pathways

MHC Class II molecules play an important role in the antigen processing and presentation pathway an essential mechanism for adaptive immune responses. Additionally they participate in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway that helps recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The pathway interactions involve other key proteins like CD4 which is a co-receptor that works alongside T cell receptors to enhance antigen recognition and signaling during immune responses.

Associated diseases and disorders

MHC Class II molecules have strong associations with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes. Alterations or mutations within MHC class II can disrupt normal immune functioning leading to self-antigen recognition. These abnormalities often relate to proteins like TNF-α which work in inflammatory pathways and enhance the autoimmunity in these disorders. Understanding these connections improves insights into disease mechanisms and aids in developing therapeutic interventions.