Anti-Wilms Tumor Protein antibody [WT1/857]

Supplementary info

Activity summary

The Wilms Tumor Protein commonly known as WT1 is a critical transcription factor implicated in several cellular processes. It is also identified by other names such as Wilms Tumor Suppressor and WT33. WT1 protein has a mass of approximately 52-54 kDa. It is broadly expressed in various tissues with high levels in the developing kidney gonads and certain mesothelial tissues. Its expression plays an important role in organ development and cellular differentiation.

Biological function summary

The WT1 protein regulates gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences influencing cell growth and differentiation. WT1 acts as a part of larger protein complexes interacting with other transcription factors and co-regulators. It plays essential roles in the development of the urogenital system and in the maintenance of mesothelial cells. The WT1 protein is essential for normal kidney and gonadal development highlighting its significance in embryogenesis.

Pathways

WT1 integration involves multiple cellular signaling cascades. It is notably engaged in the Wnt and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways which are critical for cell proliferation and survival. In these pathways WT1 interaction with proteins such as β-catenin and PI3K subunits modulates cell fate decisions. This involvement in signaling networks exemplifies its importance in cellular homeostasis and response to environmental cues.

Associated diseases and disorders

WT1 mutations or dysregulation associate strongly with specific pathologies particularly Wilms tumor and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In Wilms tumor WT1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene and its loss of function leads to tumorigenesis in the kidney. In AML aberrant WT1 expression affects normal hematopoiesis and is often linked to poor prognosis. Interaction with proteins like BSA in immunohistochemistry diagnostics highlights WT1’s significance as a biomarker for these diseases.