Native Adenovirus hexon protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The adenovirus hexon protein also known as hexon or hexon Poland is a major structural protein of adenoviruses with a molecular mass around 108 kDa. It is expressed in the capsid of the virus forming the most abundant component. The hexon protein forms trimers which assemble into hexagonal arrays on the viral surface providing stability and helping the virus to persist in extracellular environments. Hexon acts as a significant target for serotyping due to its antigenic properties as it houses the major antigenic determinants of adenoviruses.

Biological function summary

The adenovirus hexon protein plays an essential role in adenoviral assembly and infectivity. It is a part of the viral capsid complex working together with other capsid proteins such as penton base and fiber. The hexon protein helps the virus attach to host cells and facilitates entry by interacting with cellular receptors. Its structural features allow the accommodation of foreign genetic material making adenoviruses useful vectors for gene therapy. Hexon supports the virus’s ability to escape immune detection by enabling modulation of immune responses.

Pathways

The hexon protein engages in mechanisms involved in viral entry and persistence. It participates in the endocytic pathway wherein it mediates internalization and transport of the virus into host cells. The hexon protein is also involved in the process that leads to decapsidation and viral DNA release. It connects with cellular proteins like HSP70 which assist in the viral life cycle. Pathways of viral replication and immune evasion are closely associated with its function contributing to the efficient replication of the virus.

Adenovirus hexon protein has links to respiratory infections and conjunctivitis. Adenoviruses can cause respiratory tract infections ranging from mild colds to severe pneumonia particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The hexon protein is the main antigenic element responsible for immune recognition which can lead to excessive inflammatory responses. It also interacts with proteins such as penton base during infection which exacerbates its role in disease development. Additionally it holds potential as a target for vaccines designed to elicit protective immunity against adenoviral infections.