Native Cow Osteocalcin protein is a Cow Full Length protein, expressed in Native, with >95% purity and suitable for RIA, ELISA, Dot, SDS-PAGE.
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Application RIA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Application ELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Application Dot | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Application SDS-PAGE | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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The carboxylated form is one of the main organic components of the bone matrix, which constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein (PubMed:1068450). It acts as a negative regulator of bone formation and is required to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization. The carboxylated form binds strongly to apatite and calcium (By similarity). The uncarboxylated form acts as a hormone secreted by osteoblasts, which regulates different cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, male fertility and brain development. Regulates of energy metabolism by acting as a hormone favoring pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity and energy expenditure. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin hormone also promotes testosterone production in the testes: acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A at the surface of Leydig cells, initiating a signaling response that promotes the expression of enzymes required for testosterone synthesis in a CREB-dependent manner. Also acts as a regulator of brain development: osteocalcin hormone crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a ligand for GPR158 on neurons, initiating a signaling response that prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, favors the synthesis of all monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibits that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Osteocalcin also crosses the placenta during pregnancy and maternal osteocalcin is required for fetal brain development.
Osteocalcin, Bone Gla protein, Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein, BGP
Native Cow Osteocalcin protein is a Cow Full Length protein, expressed in Native, with >95% purity and suitable for RIA, ELISA, Dot, SDS-PAGE.
pH: 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.435% Sodium chloride, 0.121% Tris
Purity determined by SDS Page.
The carboxylated form is one of the main organic components of the bone matrix, which constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein (PubMed:1068450). It acts as a negative regulator of bone formation and is required to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization. The carboxylated form binds strongly to apatite and calcium (By similarity).
Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation by GGCX. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium (By similarity) (PubMed:1068450, PubMed:12820886). Decarboxylation promotes the hormone activity (By similarity).
The concentration of each lot may vary. For this product the concentration range is typically 5-10 mg/ml.
Osteocalcin also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP) is a small non-collagenous protein with a molecular weight of approximately 5.8 kDa. This protein is mainly expressed in osteoblasts which are bone-forming cells. It is an important component of the bone matrix and is involved in bone mineralization. Osteocalcin binds to calcium and incorporates into the hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone helping stabilize the bone structure. Researchers often study this protein as a marker for bone formation and turnover.
Osteocalcin plays a significant role in regulating glucose metabolism and fat deposition. It acts as a hormone from the bone and influences energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Osteocalcin undergoes carboxylation a post-translational modification necessary for its function in bone. Beyond its structural role demineralized osteocalcin has been found to impact pancreatic β-cell function adipose tissue and male fertility although the pathways in these processes are not entirely understood yet.
Osteocalcin is associated with the energy metabolism and bone remodeling pathways. It interacts with the insulin signaling pathway influencing insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and boosting insulin sensitivity. This interaction involves proteins like insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) which play roles in glucose uptake. Osteocalcin also connects to bone remodeling pathways by influencing osteoclast differentiation and activity through osteoprotegrin and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL).
Dysregulation of osteocalcin levels associates with metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis. It is linked with insulin resistance affecting glucose homeostasis and potentially contributing to diabetes development. Osteocalcin's involvement in bone density maintenance also makes it relevant in osteoporosis where bone formation balance is disrupted. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegrin which osteocalcin interacts with are other proteins connected to the pathogenesis of these conditions. Understanding osteocalcin's function helps in exploring therapeutic targets for these diseases.
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