Native KLH protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Keyhole limpet hemocyanin often called KLH protein or KLH serves as a carrier protein with a molecular weight of approximately 390 kDa. This large protein functions as an oxygen-transport molecule similar to hemoglobin but differs as it utilizes copper rather than iron giving it its blue color. KLH is isolated from the marine mollusk Megathura crenulata known as the keyhole limpet and is highly expressed in their hemolymph.

Biological function summary

Keyhole limpet hemocyanin acts as a potent immunogenic stimulator. It does not exist as part of a complex but functions as a standalone protein that orchestrates immune responses. Due to its robust size and complex structure KLH is effective in triggering T-cell dependent antibodies in mammals marking it as a powerful tool in immunological studies.

Pathways

KLH protein participates in the immune system pathway by enhancing antigen presentation. It engages with receptor proteins on antigen-presenting cells thereby facilitating the activation of adaptive immune responses involving proteins such as MHC class II molecules. This participation is pivotal for its use in vaccines and immunotherapy practices where strong immune responses are desired.

KLH has been utilized in cancer immunotherapy and research into autoimmune diseases. Its usage in cancer relates to its capability to induce strong immune responses against tumor-associated antigens. Autoimmune disorder research leverages KLH’s ability to study immune system behaviors. KLH's engagement with immune system proteins allows for its application in evaluating and designing therapeutic strategies targeting these diseases.