Recombinant Borrelia garinii flagellin protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The Borrelia garinii flagellin protein also known as FlaB serves a critical role in the motility of Borrelia garinii a type of spirochete bacteria. It constitutes the helical core of the flagella enabling the bacterium's unique corkscrew motion. The flagellin protein has an approximate mass of around 41 kDa and is expressed in the periplasmic flagella of Borrelia garinii. This protein is vital to the bacterium’s ability to navigate its environment directly affecting its capability to infect hosts.

Biological function summary

Flagellin proteins facilitate the bacterium's movement through viscous media such as host connective tissues and blood. They are integral components of the flagellar filament which is part of the larger flagellar apparatus. This apparatus includes interconnected elements like the motor and stator complexes that convert chemical energy into mechanical work. The rotation mechanism powered by flagellin is fundamental for the bacterium's locomotion and colonization within host organisms.

Pathways

The flagellin protein is integral to the motility and chemotaxis pathways facilitating movement toward favorable environments and away from harmful conditions. It works in conjunction with sensory proteins and signal transduction components that detect environmental signals and direct flagellar rotation. This collaboration forms part of a broader adaptation response helping the bacterium survive and proliferate within various ecological niches.

Borrelia garinii flagellin is linked to Lyme disease where the bacterium is a causative agent. This spirochete infiltrates host tissue leading to symptoms associated with Lyme disease. Flagellin proteins are also recognized by host immune systems which often trigger inflammatory responses. Interaction with Toll-like receptor 5 which detects bacterial flagellin can cause downstream immune signaling events in the host. This immune recognition plays a role in the pathogenesis and symptomatic presentation of the disease.