Recombinant Human ABAT/GABA-T protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

ABAT also known as GABA transaminase (GABA-T) is an enzyme involved in the catabolism of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of GABA to succinic semialdehyde an important step in the GABA degradation pathway. GABA-T has a molecular mass of approximately 56 kDa. Its expression primarily occurs in the brain kidney and liver where it regulates GABA levels influencing neurological functions.

Biological function summary

ABAT plays a critical role in maintaining GABA homeostasis in the central nervous system. The protein functions as a homodimer forming a complex that effectively binds to its substrate. It modulates the inhibitory effects mediated by GABA in neuronal signaling. This regulation is essential for processes such as synaptic transmission and plasticity impacting a range of neurological activities.

Pathways

ABAT is integral to the GABAergic neurotransmission pathway which balances excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain. It operates in conjunction with glutamate decarboxylase another enzyme playing an important role in GABA synthesis. Together they maintain the dynamic equilibrium between GABA production and breakdown. Additionally the enzyme interacts with proteins that contribute to the tricarboxylic acid cycle linking neurotransmitter metabolism to energy production.

ABAT is associated with several neurological conditions including epilepsy and schizophrenia. Impaired function or expression of ABAT can lead to altered GABA levels contributing to the pathophysiology of these disorders. The enzyme also connects with GABA receptor subtypes which are targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating GABAergic activity to address these conditions.