Recombinant Human ADAM21 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

ADAM21 also known as A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Domain 21 is a member of the ADAM protein family—characterized by their disintegrin and metalloproteinase domains. This protein has a molecular mass of approximately 90 kDa. ADAM21 is primarily expressed in the brain and reproductive tissues suggesting its specialized roles in these areas. The structure includes a prodomain a metalloproteinase domain a disintegrin domain a cysteine-rich domain an EGF-like domain and a transmembrane domain followed by a cytoplasmic tail.

Biological function summary

ADAM21 participates in cellular adhesion and proteolytic processing of other proteins. This protein does not form a complex but associates with cell surface proteins and influences cellular interactions. Its disintegrin-like domain allows interactions with integrins affecting processes like cell migration and signaling. Additionally the metalloproteinase domain can modify extracellular matrix components impacting tissue remodeling and repair.

Pathways

ADAM21 plays roles in the Notch signaling and proteolysis-dependent pathways. In the Notch pathway ADAM21 can influence the activation of Notch receptors affecting transcription and cell fate decisions. It also interacts with other metalloproteinases such as ADAM10 and ADAM17 which are essential in the cleavage of several surface proteins. These interactions help in the modulation of cellular signaling and affect diverse biological outcomes like growth and proliferation.

ADAM21 influences reproductive and neurological conditions. Its dysregulation associates with conditions like infertility and certain neurological disorders due to its roles in reproductive tissue biology and neural cell interactions. ADAM21 also relates to Alzheimer's disease through the modulation of amyloid precursor protein processing in conjunction with proteins such as ADAM10 which is also involved in amyloid-beta peptide formation. The understanding of ADAM21's interaction with disease pathways highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.