Recombinant Human Adenosine Receptor A2a protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Adenosine Receptor A2A also known as A2AR is a G protein-coupled receptor with a molecular mass of approximately 45 kDa. This receptor is widely expressed in various body tissues including the brain heart spleen and immune cells. A2A receptors play a mechanical role in mediating physiological responses to adenosine a purine nucleoside that acts as a signaling molecule in the body. Through binding to adenosine A2A receptors activate intracellular pathways that modulate cellular responses.

Biological function summary

The A2A adenosine receptor functions as an important regulator of neurotransmission and immune response. It does not form part of a larger protein complex but rather independently influences processes such as vasodilation heart rate regulation and cytokine release. The A2A receptor contributes to the modulation of dopamine and glutamate signaling in the central nervous system playing a significant role in maintaining neural balance. Its activity in immune cells helps in controlling inflammation and immune cell proliferation.

Pathways

The A2A adenosine receptor engages in critical signaling cascades particularly the cAMP-PKA pathway and the MAPK pathway. Through the cAMP-PKA pathway A2A R influences various cellular processes by increasing cyclic AMP levels which activate protein kinase A. The receptor is also involved in the MAPK pathway impacting cellular growth and differentiation. It interacts with proteins such as Gs alpha subunit which couples to the receptor to promote downstream signaling events.

The A2A receptor has connections to conditions like Parkinson's disease and ischemia-reperfusion injury. In Parkinson's disease the activity of A2A receptors affects dopaminergic signaling where it interacts with proteins such as dopamine D2 receptors suggesting potential for therapeutic targeting. During ischemia-reperfusion injury the receptor's modulation of immune responses and vasodilation can influence tissue damage and repair mechanisms linking it with proteins involved in inflammatory pathways.